Osteoclast Biology and Bone Resorption

Takayanagi, Hiroshi

doi:10.1002/9781119266594.ch6

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This actin‐containing podosome‐like cytoskeleton of mature osteoclasts can be visualized and its dynamics can be studied using the immunofluorescence microscopic technique and FRAP or fluorescence recovery after the photobleaching technique, respectively (Pal et al, 2022). A fully developed F‐actin ring around an osteoclast is a significant marker to demonstrate its functional activity and bone resorptive potential (Søe et al, 2021; Takayanagi, 2018). Mature osteoclasts express tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) at a high level.…”

Section: Structure and Function Of Osteoclastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fine‐tuning osteoclastogenesis: An insight into the cellular and molecular regulation of osteoclastogenesis

Anwar

Sapra

Gupta

et al. 2023

Journal Cellular Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Osteoclasts, the bone-resorbing cells, are essential for the bone remodeling process and are involved in the pathophysiology of several bone-related diseases. The extensive corpus of in vitro research and crucial mouse model studies in the 1990s demonstrated the key roles of monocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and integrin αvβ3 in osteoclast biology. Our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which these variables control osteoclast differentiation and function has significantly advanced in the first decade of this century. Recent developments have revealed a number of novel insights into the fundamental mechanisms governing the differentiation and functional activity of osteoclasts; however, these mechanisms have not yet been adequately documented. Thus, in the present review, we discuss various regulatory factors including local and hormonal factors, innate as well as adaptive immune cells,noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), etc., in the molecular regulation of the intricate and tightly regulated process of osteoclastogenesis. ncRNAs have a critical role as epigenetic controllers of osteoclast physiologic activities, including differentiation and bone resorption. The primary ncRNAs, which include micro-RNAs, circular RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs, form a complex network that affects gene transcription activities associated with osteoclast biological activity. Greater knowledge of the involvement of ncRNAs in osteoclast biological activities will contribute to the treatment and management of several skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Moreover, we further outline potential therapies targeting these regulatory pathways of osteoclastogenesis in distinct bone pathologies.

show abstract

Section: Structure and Function Of Osteoclastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bone resorption starts when the osteoclast is polarized towards the bone matrix (Takayanagi, 2018). Polarization results in the formation of a structure unique to osteoclasts, which is known as a ruffled membrane/border.…”

Section: Structure and Function Of Osteoclastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine‐tuning osteoclastogenesis: An insight into the cellular and molecular regulation of osteoclastogenesis

Anwar

Sapra

Gupta

et al. 2023

Journal Cellular Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Members of the protein family called bone morphogenic protein family which includes the proteins IGFs, PDGF and BMP are released from the bone matrix and they enhance tumor cell proliferation. A highly important fact of extreme consideration is that calcium acts on tumor cells that express the calcium sensing receptor (CASR) by creating a prolonged and a highly supportive environment for the extensive survival of tumor cells in the body.In fact, the enzymatic role exhibited by the enzyme cathepsin K determines the extent of the effect of the factors stressed above since this is the key enzyme that is involved in regulating the physiology of bones(Takayanagi, 2018). However, in a gross concern it has to be profoundly taken into consideration that tumor cells produce a considerable proportion of soluble factors that promote and encourage bone degradation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Role of Cathepsin K in Regulation of Micro Tumor Environment, Onset and Progression of Cancers in Human- A Review

Cooray¹,

Madubashetha²,

Wickramasinghe³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of proteolytic enzymes including Cathepsin K, a cysteine cathepsin, in onset and progression of cancers in human has been research intensive. Cathepsin K involves in many aspects and stages of cancers including apoptosis, cell proliferation, cancer immunology, inflammatory cell recruitment to tumors and aiding in the process of mobilization of normal healthy cells from their tissue compartments assisting in metastasis and angiogenesis. The objective of this review is to collect together and summarize and analyze the biochemical and physiological pathways of how cathepsin K is involved in onset and progression of cancers with more emphasis on breast and prostate cancers and cathepsin K regulated mechanisms underlying metastasis of such cancers to bones. Information for the review was gathered through published literature from global databases such as Google Scholar, PUBMED and NCBI on different studies on physiological interactions between enzymatic activity of cathepsin K with cancers and metastasis to bones. Analysis of published studies reveal that immunohistochemical studies of breast cancer cells indicate that they overexpress cathepsin K resulting in induction of aberrant mechanisms of cell signaling in breast cancers, creating a higher tendency for their metastasis to bones. Immunohistochemical, immunoprecipitation and fluorgenic assays of several studies done on the association of the same enzymatic activity on prostate cancers shows elevated levels of cathepsin K. Lesions derived from prostate cancer cell masses were observed to undergo increased bone formation and resorption levels. Such resorption levels cause secretion of biological factors promoting tumor expansion. In addition, studies indicate that Cathepsin K was observed to be a key component promoting higher bone resorption levels in patients suffering from cancer. Authors suggest that, to completely understand the association of cathepsin K on cancerous cells and their mechanism in metastasis, distributary patterns of cathepsin K in healthy human tissues needs to be extensively studied initially. It is also suggested that metastasis of breast and prostate cancers to bone could be terminated and overcome by successful production of efficient and precise inhibitory therapeutics targeting the enzymatic activity of Cathepsin K with minimum unintended adverse health effects.

show abstract

Strategies for elevating hematopoietic stem cells expansion and engraftment capacity

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Osteoclast Biology and Bone Resorption

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Fine‐tuning osteoclastogenesis: An insight into the cellular and molecular regulation of osteoclastogenesis

Fine‐tuning osteoclastogenesis: An insight into the cellular and molecular regulation of osteoclastogenesis

Potential Role of Cathepsin K in Regulation of Micro Tumor Environment, Onset and Progression of Cancers in Human- A Review

Strategies for elevating hematopoietic stem cells expansion and engraftment capacity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About