Osteochondroma: Review of 431 patients from one medical institution in South China

Abstract

BackgroundThe geographic distribution of osteochondroma (OC) varies greatly around the world. There has been no recent report on OC in a large Chinese population. The aim of this study was to characterize OC by an epidemiological analysis of the clinical data from one medical institution in South China.MethodsWe searched medical electronic records from January 2001 to January 2016 in one large hospital in South China to identify patients with a definite diagnosis of OC. Their epidemiological data were collected and analyzed statistically, including gender, tumor site, age at first diagnosis and symptoms, local recurrence and malignant transformation. Differences between genders and between solitary osteochondroma (SO) and multiple osteochondroma (MO) were particularly analyzed.ResultsA total of 431 OC patients (291 males and 140 females; 329 SOs and 102 MOs) were identified. The gender ratio was 2.08 with a male predominance. OCs were mostly located around the knee (250 cases). 280 patients were in their 0s to 20s upon first diagnosis. The average age at the time of first diagnosis was 20.63 years for all, 18.47 years for males and 25.11 years for females (P=0.000). OC recurred locally in 35 patients (15 SOs and 20 MOs), with a significant difference between SO/MO (P=0.000) but not between genders (P=0.100). The average interval from the primary surgery to local or malignant recurrence was 37.41 months. Malignant transformation was found in 5 patients (4 males and 1 female), showing no gender difference (P=0.549).ConclusionsOC may have a male predominance in Chinese population. It mostly occurred at 0–20 years of age and around the knee. Upon the first diagnosis of OC, the males tended to be younger than the females, and so did the MO patients than the SO ones. In addition, MO had a higher incidence of local recurrence. Intervals from primary surgery to local recurrence or malignant transformation in MO patients were longer than in SO patients.

Rib Exostoses Presenting as Mediastinal Masses: A Rare Presentation and Minireview of the Literature

“…Majority of osteochondromas occur as solitary lesions in young male patients. Multiple exostosis affects at earlier ages in the first decade of life, occurring in the case of MHE [2,6]. Our patient also had a familial history of OCs.…”

“…Usually, the diagnosis is based on clinical and radiological documentation, supplemented, if available, by histological evaluation of OCs [2]. Clinically, OC is often asymptomatic and represents an incidental radiographic finding.…”

“…ese tumors develop during childhood, a period of the fastest bone skeletal growth, and once formed, they remain for the rest of the individual's life. Most cases are diagnosed in the first two decades of life and are frequently found incidentally [2]. Usually, OC tumors are solitary, rarely occurring as multiple hereditary exostoses (MHE), both being associated with mutations in EXT1 (8q24) and EXT2 (11p11) genes [3,4].…”

“…Histologically, OC is composed of mature bone, including bone marrow spaces, with a cartilaginous cap. e cortex and spongiosa of the tumoral mass communicate with those of the host bone [2]. Correlations between imagistic aspects and histopathological exam are often specific.…”

Bursal synovial chondromatosis overlying a solitary osteochondroma of the distal femur: a case report

“…Progressive enlargement of an osteochondroma after skeletal maturity or a rapid increase in size at any age, might indicate malignant transformation of the overlying cartilaginous cap and will require surgical resection. 4 Synovial chondromatosis represents a benign neoplasm presenting as multiple hyaline cartilage nodules in the subsynovial tissue of a joint, tendon sheath or bursa. 5 Initially, investigators speculated whether osteochondromas and synovial osteochondromatosis represented a true neoplastic condition or merely metaplastic or hamartomatous lesions.…”