Osteochondroma of the Lumbar Spine

Gökay, H; Pc, Bucy

doi:10.3171/jns.1955.12.1.0072

Cited by 32 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…With respect to the association of osteochondromas and entheses, Geschickter and Copeland, in the year of 1949, postulated that focal accumulations of cells with cartilaginous potential exist in all the points of tendinous insertion, and that continued stress and strains at these points might cause hyperplastic changes in these collections, which could result in osteochondromas (42). Several following case reports also showed that osteochondromas typically develop at the attachment sites of tendons or ligaments (43–45). Consistent with our and other reports, a recent study showed that osteochondromas also outgrow from the ligamentous insertion sites in the cartilage tumor metachondromatosis after ablation of the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 in fibroblasts by Fsp1 -Cre (46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NFAT restricts osteochondroma formation from entheseal progenitors

Ge¹,

Tsang²,

He³

et al. 2016

JCI Insight

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Osteochondromas are common benign osteocartilaginous tumors in children and adolescents characterized by cartilage-capped bony projections on the surface of bones. These tumors often cause pain, deformity, fracture, and musculoskeletal dysfunction, and they occasionally undergo malignant transformation. The pathogenesis of osteochondromas remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 and c2 (NFATc1 and NFATc2) suppress osteochondromagenesis through individual and combinatorial mechanisms. In mice, conditional deletion of NFATc1 in mesenchymal limb progenitors, Scleraxis-expressing (Scx-expressing) tendoligamentous cells, or postnatally in Aggrecan-expressing cells resulted in osteochondroma formation at entheses, the insertion sites of ligaments and tendons onto bone. Combinatorial deletion of NFATc1 and NFATc2 gave rise to larger and more numerous osteochondromas in inverse proportion to gene dosage. A population of entheseal NFATc1- and Aggrecan-expressing cells was identified as the osteochondroma precursor, previously believed to be growth plate derived or perichondrium derived. Mechanistically, we show that NFATc1 restricts the proliferation and chondrogenesis of osteochondroma precursors. In contrast, NFATc2 preferentially inhibits chondrocyte hypertrophy and osteogenesis. Together, our findings identify and characterize a mechanism of osteochondroma formation and suggest that regulating NFAT activity is a new therapeutic approach for skeletal diseases characterized by defective or exaggerated osteochondral growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NFAT restricts osteochondroma formation from entheseal progenitors

Ge¹,

Tsang²,

He³

et al. 2016

JCI Insight

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“…In the thoracic spine, exostoses may arise from an adjacent rib or costovertebral junction. 3,4,6,15 The age of presentation is commonly in the second and third decades of life, with a mean age of 20 years; our first patient and the one described by Madigan, et al, 9 in 1974, are the only ones reported as presenting in the first decade of life. The results of surgical decompression in this series were generally good, with 86% showing improvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Diaphyseal aclasis with spinal cord compression

Labram¹,

Mohan²

1996

Journal of Neurosurgery

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In diaphyseal aclasis, the exostoses usually involve long bones, although occasionally the spine is also affected. Very few cases of osteochondroma causing spinal cord compression have been cited. The authors report their experience with two cases of diaphyseal aclasis. In the first case spinal cord compression caused by an exostosis of the lamina of C-2 occurred in a 9-year-old boy; in the second case a large osteochondroma of C-5 occurred in a 45- year-old man. Also included in this report is a review of the literature highlighting the incidence of diaphyseal aclasis, its clinical features and its excellent prognosis in treated cases.

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“…Neurological complications are uncommon and, when present, are usually due to pressure on peripheral nerves by the bony growths. The frequency of involvement of the spine was reported as 7% and 1 % (Gokay, 1955;Carmel, 1968), but associated spinal cord compression is rare (Vinstein, 1971). The majority of recorded cases have involved the spinal cord in the thoracic and lumbar area but may occur at any level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%