Osteochondral regeneration using an oriented nanofiber yarn‐collagen type I/hyaluronate hybrid/TCP biphasic scaffold

Abstract

Osteochondral defects affect both the articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone, but poor osteochondral regeneration is still a daunting challenge. Although the tissue engineering technology provides a promising approach for osteochondral repair, an ideal biphasic scaffold is in high demand with regards to proper biomechanical strength. In this study, an oriented poly(l-lacticacid)-co-poly(ε-caprolactone) P(LLA-CL)/collagen type I(Col-I) nanofiber yarn mesh, fabricated by dynamic liquid electrospinning served as a skeleton for a freeze-dried Col-I/Hhyaluronate (HA) chondral phase (SPONGE) to enhance the mechanical strength of the scaffold. In vitro results show that the Yarn Col-I/HA hybrid scaffold (Yarn-CH) can allow the cell infiltration like sponge scaffolds. Using porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) as the osseous phase, the Yarn-CH/TCP biphasic scaffold was then assembled by freeze drying. After combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, the biphasic complex was successfully used to repair the osteochondral defects in a rabbit model with greatly improved repairing scores and compressive modulus.

The use of SHP-2 gene transduced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to promote osteogenic differentiation and bone defect repair in rat

“…In our previous research, we showed the importance of SHP‐2 function for controlling normal hematopoiesis . The excellent degradability and bioactivity properties of β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) have also been shown in our previous research . BMSCs are frequently used as a cell source for bone tissue engineering because of their multipotency, relative abundance and rapid expansion .…”

Electrospun biodegradable nanofibers scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

“…Collagen is easily degraded and absorbed by human body, leading to good attachment to cells, although it has less mechanical strength ( E ∼ 100 MPa) than bone ( E ∼ 2 GPa) . Therefore, collagen is often utilized as a composite material and blended with other materials such as ceramics (hydroxypatite, β‐tricalcium phosphate) and various synthetic polymers (polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, and polyglycolic acid) . Yeo et al .…”

Harnessing Hierarchical Nano‐ and Micro‐Fabrication Technologies for Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering

“…Electrospinning has also been successfully combined with other scaffold fabrication technologies with optimal outputs for various clinical targets. Electrospinning for example, combined with freeze‐dried materials and bone marrow stem cells enhanced osteochondral regeneration with improved compressive moduli in a rabbit model . Bimodal and multiphasic scaffolds can be fabricated using electrospinning and additive manufacturing .…”