Osteoblast Precursor Cells are Found in CD34
            <sup>+</sup>
            Cells from Human Bone Marrow

Chen, J.‐L.; Hunt, Pamela S.; McElvain, Michele; Black, Tabitha; Kaufman, Stephen A.; Choi, Esther

doi:10.1002/stem.150368

Cited by 103 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In addition to the classical bone marrow stromal cells [2], it is possible that bone marrow non-adherent cells, as previously identified by Long et al [3,4] access the BRC via this mechanism, or that circulating osteoblastic cells contribute to the pool of osteoblastic cells entering the BRC. On the other hand, given the potential overlap between osteoblastic and endothelial cells noted in the present and previous work [21,22,25], and the evidence that vascular pericytes can differentiate into osteoblasts [26], as well as recent work demonstrating the pericytes, themselves, may arise from a CD34 pos progenitor in the vessel wall [27], it is also possible that precursor cells in the vasculature (i.e., within the capillary wall penetrating the BRC) give rise to osteoblastic progenitors. Clearly, additional studies are needed to test these hypotheses and to further identify the source of the circulating OCN and AP expressing cells as well as their possible role in bone remodeling.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Of interest, Chen et al [21] have previously demonstrated that bone marrow CD34 pos cells are capable of differentiating into osteoblastic cells in vitro and forming mineralized nodules, although the ability of these cells to form bone in vivo was not tested in that study. These investigators also found that CD34 expression was rapidly lost by these cells in vitro under osteoblast differentiating conditions, suggesting the possibility that the CD34 positive fraction of OCN positive cells may represent a more primitive population, although further work is needed to test this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterization of circulating osteoblast lineage cells in humans

Eghbali‐Fatourechi

Mödder

Charatcharoenwitthaya

et al. 2007

Bone

123

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We recently identified circulating osteoblastic cells using antibodies to osteocalcin (OCN) or alkaline phosphatase (AP). We now provide a more detailed characterization of these cells. Specifically, we demonstrate that 46% of OCN positive (OCN pos ) cells express AP, and 37% also express the hematopoietic/endothelial marker, CD34. Using two different anti-OCN antibodies and forward/side light scatter characteristics by flow cytometry, we find that OCN pos cells consist of two distinct populations: one population exhibits low forward/side scatter, consistent with a small cell phenotype with low granularity, and a second population has higher forward/side scatter (larger and more granular cell). The smaller, low granularity population also co-expresses CD34, whereas the larger, more granular cells are CD34 negative. Using samples from 26 male subjects aged 28 to 68 years, we demonstrate that the concentration of circulating OCN pos cells increases as a function of age (R = 0.59, P = 0.002). By contrast, CD34 pos cells tend to decrease with age (R = −0.31, P = 0.18); as a consequence, the ratio of OCN pos :CD34 pos cells also increases significantly with age (R = 0.54, P = 0.022). These findings suggest significant overlap between circulating cells expressing OCN and those expressing the hematopoietic/endothelial marker, CD34. Further studies are needed to define the precise role of circulating OCN pos cells not only in bone remodeling but rather also potentially in the response to vascular injury.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Characterization of circulating osteoblast lineage cells in humans

Eghbali‐Fatourechi

Mödder

Charatcharoenwitthaya

et al. 2007

Bone

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Based on cell shape, we believe that the RANKL-positive cells ( Figure 2D) most likely represent preosteoblastic cells which have been shown to express RANKL and have a round morphology in other studies. 20,21 The RANKL-positive cells in our samples displayed a round morphology, suggesting that they are not fibroblasts, which appear spindle-like, nor are they osteoblasts, which assume a cuboidal shape. 22,23 Other groups have noted the in vivo expression of RANKL by PDL cells through immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR in the compression side after one day of orthodontic force, but did not look at earlier time points.…”

Section: The Rat Otm Model Accurately Replicates the Cellular And Molmentioning

confidence: 84%

Molecular Markers of Early Orthodontic Tooth Movement

Brooks

Nilforoushan

Manolson

et al. 2009

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To understand the molecular basis of early orthodontic tooth movement by looking at the expression of KI-67, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (RANKL) proteins. Materials and Methods:We employed a rat model of early orthodontic tooth movement using a split-mouth design (where contralateral side serves as a control) and performed immunohistochemical staining to map the spatial expression patterns of three proteins at 3 and 24 hours after appliance insertion. Results: We observed increased expression of KI-67, a proliferation marker, and RANKL, a molecule associated with osteoclastic differentiation, in the compression sites of the periodontal ligament subjected to 3 hours of force. In contrast, there was increased expression of KI-67 and Runx2, a marker of osteoblast precursors, in tension areas after 24 hours of force. Decreased KI-67 expression in the mesial and distal regions of the periodontal ligament was observed at the midpoint of the tooth root. Conclusions:The early RANKL expression indicates that at this early stage cells are involved in osteoclast precursor signaling. Also, decreased KI-67 expression found near the midpoint of the tooth root is believed to represent the center of rotation, providing a molecular means of visualizing mechanical loading patterns.

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“…[57][58][59][60][61][62][63] However, MSCs are present at low frequency in bone marrow and in the circulation. 64 Despite the lack of cellular and molecular tools and in vivo assays that permit the rigorous identification of stem cells from mesenchymal tissues, it is known that a cell population with MSC-like characteristics can be isolated based on its ability to adhere to plastic and may be partially purified by separation techniques.…”

Section: Mesenchymal Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%