Osteoblast Elastic Modulus Measured by Atomic Force Microscopy Is Substrate Dependent

Abstract

The actin and microtubule cytoskeleton have been found to contribute to the elastic modulus of cells, which may be modulated by adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and subsequent alterations in the cytoskeleton. In this study, the apparent elastic modulus (Eapp) of osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells adhered to fibronectin (FN), vitronectin (VN), type I collagen (COLI), fetal bovine serum (FBS), or poly-l-lysine (PLL), and bare glass were determined using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The E(app) of osteoblasts adhered to ECM proteins (FN, VN, COLI, and FBS) that bind cells via integrins were higher compared to cells on glass and PLL, which adhere cells through nonspecific binding. Also, osteoblasts adhered to FN, VN, COLI, and FBS had F-actin stress fiber formation, while osteoblasts on glass and PLL showed few F-actin fibers. Disruption of the actin cytoskeleton decreased E(app) of osteoblasts plated on FN to the level of osteoblasts plated on glass, while microtubule disruption had no significant effect. This suggests that the elevated modulus of osteoblasts adhered to FN was due to remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton upon adhesion to ECM proteins. Modulation of cell stiffness upon adhesion to various substrates may influence mechanosignal transduction in osteoblasts.

Impact of substrate elasticity on human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell adhesion and motility

“…AFM studies revealed cell stiffnesses between ,0.1 and 0.6 kPa for untreated cells, which is similar to elastic moduli described for other osteoblast-like cell lines (Domke et al, 2000;Takai et al, 2005). After adrenergic stimulation with clenbuterol the osteoblast-like CAL-72 cells appeared much stiffer.…”

Dynamic Model for Characterizing Contractile Behaviors and Mechanical Properties of a Cardiomyocyte

“…This result is in line with previous reports (64)(65)(66)(67)(68). Moreover, this result is consistent with that obtained by SICM based on the proposed model that the elasticity of the cells in the control group is higher than those treated with CD and Noc, and that the elasticity of the cells with CD is even smaller than those with Noc (Fig.…”

Probing nanomechanical properties from biomolecules to living cells

“…These include, among others, cardiocytes [33], osteoblasts [12,13,91], glia [29,100], fibroblasts [28,46,98], erythrocytes [8,20] (review), oocytes [103], and outer-hair cells of Corti's organ, [67,89,90,95,96].…”