Osteichthyan Fishes from the uppermost Norian (Triassic) of the Fuchsberg near Seinstedt, Lower Saxony (Germany)

Schultze, Hans‐Peter; Arratia, Gloria; Hauschke, Norbert; Wilde, Volker

doi:10.3390/d14110901

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…a candidate to be interpreted as a miniature stem teleosteomorph. As Schultze et al (2022) and Arratia & Schultze (2024: p. 18-19) noted, most Triassic stem teleosts are small-bodied in comparison to contemporaneous non-teleost fishes. Myers (1958) was the first one to address what today is understood as "miniaturization".…”

Section: Size and Miniature Stem Teleosteomorphsmentioning

confidence: 90%

A new suction feeder and miniature teleosteomorph, Marcopoloichthys mirigioliensis, from the lower Besano Formation (late Anisian) of Monte San Giorgio

Arratia,

Bürgin,

Furrer

2024

Swiss J Palaeontol

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A new species (Marcopoloichthys mirigioliensis) of the stem teleosteomorph genus Marcopoloichthys is described from the lower Besano Formation (late Anisian at Monte San Giorgio, southern Switzerland), making this new species distinct from Marcopoloichthys furreri from the Prosanto Formation (early Ladinian at Ducanfurgga, southeastern Switzerland). Marcopoloichthys mirigioliensis n. sp. is smaller (ca. 32 mm standard length) than M. furreri (ca. 40 mm standard length), and in addition, the two species have some important differences in the caudal endoskeleton and fin, e.g., number of epaxial and hypaxial basal fulcra, uroneural structure, size of hypurals, and presence versus absence of urodermals. Marcopoloichthys mirigioliensis n. sp. is the smallest member of Marcopoloichthyidae which is currently known from at least five species living in the Triassic of China (one species), Italy (two and others that remain undescribed), and Switzerland and according to current information, with its ca. 32 mm standard length is candidate to be considered a miniature fish. Additionally, this size makes it the smallest known stem teleost. As in other marcopoloichthyids, the buccal and suspensorium anatomy of M. mirigiolensis n. sp. corresponds to that of suction-feeder fishes.

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Section: Size and Miniature Stem Teleosteomorphsmentioning

confidence: 90%

A new suction feeder and miniature teleosteomorph, Marcopoloichthys mirigioliensis, from the lower Besano Formation (late Anisian) of Monte San Giorgio

Arratia,

Bürgin,

Furrer

2024

Swiss J Palaeontol

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The oldest teleosts (Teleosteomorpha): their early taxonomic, phenotypic, and ecological diversification during the Triassic

Arratia,

Schultze

2024

foss-rec

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As the fossil record reveals, neopterygians had a major diversification after the great mass extinction at the Permian-Triassic boundary, including the appearance of the major clade Teleosteomorpha. Detailed studies of new taxa (Pseudopholidoctenus germanicus, Barschichthys ruedersdorfensis, and Ruedersdorfia berlinensis) from the lower Anisian (middle Muschelkalk) of Germany and their comparisons with other Triassic relatives are presented, including new information concerning size, shape, and diet. Two families, Pholidophoridae and Marcopoloichthyidae, made a modest appearance during the Anisian of Europe and Asia almost simultaneously, with Pseudopholidoctenus (and the teleosteomorphs Barschichthys and Ruedersdorfia) from the Germanic Basin, being the oldest stem teleosts (244 Ma), followed shortly by Marcopoloichthys ani from Italy. The early teleostean diversification was fast—already in the late Ladinian three lineages were present: Prohalecitiidae (Europe), Pholidophoridae (Asia, Europe), and Marcopoloichthyidae (Asia, Europe), with ca. 20 species inhabiting the Tethys Ocean during the Middle–Late Triassic. Most Triassic teleosteomorphs were small, ca. 50 mm standard length, and a few as possibly miniature, with torpedo or oblong shapes, and suction feeders—probably a plankton based-diet. These first Triassic radiations were replaced during the early Sinemurian of marine ecosystems of Europe with two major groups: (a) non-monophyletic ‘pholidophoriforms’ and (b) proleptolepids and leptolepids, having an average size (ca. 100 mm SL) longer than Triassic forms, with oblong and fusiform shapes. A fast dispersion from the Tethys to the Paleo-Pacific followed, as demonstrated by the presence of small (ca. 50 mm SL) suction feeder proleptolepids in the early Sinemurian of Chile.

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Osteichthyan Fishes from the uppermost Norian (Triassic) of the Fuchsberg near Seinstedt, Lower Saxony (Germany)

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

A new suction feeder and miniature teleosteomorph, Marcopoloichthys mirigioliensis, from the lower Besano Formation (late Anisian) of Monte San Giorgio

A new suction feeder and miniature teleosteomorph, Marcopoloichthys mirigioliensis, from the lower Besano Formation (late Anisian) of Monte San Giorgio

The oldest teleosts (Teleosteomorpha): their early taxonomic, phenotypic, and ecological diversification during the Triassic

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