Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor: Report of a case with cytomorphologic description

Abstract

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor (OFMT) is a rare soft tissue neoplasm with uncertain histogenesis. Most cases behave in a clinically benign fashion; however, a small percentage of tumors may locally recur or metastasize. Herein we present a case of a 56-year-old man who presented with an enlarging left groin mass, left inner thigh numbness, burning paresthesia and discomfort in his left groin. The mass sampled by fine- needle aspiration and needle core biopsy. Cytology showed bland-appearing epithelioid cells with round nuclei and fine chromatin, with fragments of fibromyxoid stroma in the background. Immunohistochemical stains performed on the core biopsy showed that the lesional cells were focally positive for S100 protein and negative for desmin, smooth muscle actin, CD34 and cytokeratin AE1/AE3. A benign neoplasm was favored with ossifying fibromyxoid tumor as the main entity in the differential diagnosis. A subsequent resection showed a well-circumscribed 5 cm mass with firm consistency and focal areas of calcifications. Histologically, the tumor had a nodular growth pattern with relatively bland spindle cells containing round to oval nuclei suspended in a variably collagenous to myxoid stroma. Significant ossification and bone formation was also noted. There was no significant atypia, necrosis or increased mitoses. Ossifying fibromyxoid tumors have distinct cytologic features and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors with prominent ossification.

Fine‐needle aspiration features of ossifying fibromyxoid tumor in the breast: A case report and literature review

“…Cytological features of our case were similar to the typical OFT reports described earlier. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Our smears were hypercellular and contained phism and these can be also found in OFT. 17 However, distinctive branching capillary network and lipoblasts are the features which are observed only in myxoid liposarcoma, while finding chondroblast-like structures and branching cords architecture can be supportive of the diagnosis of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma rather than OFT.…”

“…16 Histological features of OFT have been extensively studied 16 but there are only few reports describing its cytological characteristic. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] There are six cases reported as typical OFT [10][11][12][13][14][15] and only one case defined as a malignant variant of OFT (Table 1). 9 Most of the cases showed moderately cellular smears with myxoid or osteochondroid material in the background.…”

“…Cells were chiefly dispersed or within tissue fragments but cell clusters and pseudo-acinar structures were also observed. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] There was no necrosis, atypia or mitoses in typical OFT cases. [10][11][12][13][14][15] In the malignant variant of OFT case, in addition to spindle-shaped and oval cells without atypia, the second population of polygonal atypical cells with larger nuclei and one or two conspicuous nuclei was also seen.…”

“…1,3,[5][6][7][8] To date only seven reports describing OFT cytological characteristic have been published: one concerning a malignant variant and the other six describing a benign variant. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Here we present an OFT case diagnosed using fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) with immunohistochemical and molecular studies, with special emphasis put on cytomorphologic findings. We also analyze the data previously reported in the literature.…”

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor: Fine‐needle aspiration cytology findings of a rare soft tissue neoplasm

“…The tumor was focally positive for S100 protein and negative for desmin, smooth muscle actin, CD34, and cytokeratin AE1/AE3. A benign neoplasm was favored with OFMT as the main entity in the differential diagnosis …”