Osseointegration evaluation of laser-deposited titanium dioxide nanoparticles on commercially pure titanium dental implants

Abstract

The nanotechnology field plays an important role in the improvement of dental implant surfaces. However, the different techniques used to coat these implants with nanostructured materials can differently affect cells, biomolecules and even ions at the nano scale level. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the structural, biomechanical and histological characterization of nano titania films produced by either modified laser or dip coating techniques on commercially pure titanium implant fixtures. Grade II commercially pure titanium rectangular samples measuring 35 × 12 × 0.25 mm length, width and thickness, respectively were coated with titania films using a modified laser deposition technique as the experimental group, while the control group was dip-coated with titania film. The crystallinity, surface roughness, histological feature, microstructures and removal torque values were investigated and compared between the groups. Compared with dip coating technique, the modified laser technique provided a higher quality thin coating film, with improved surface roughness values. For in vivo examinations, forty coated screw-designed dental implants were inserted into the tibia of 20 white New Zealand rabbits' bone. Biomechanical and histological evaluations were performed after 2 and 4 weeks of implantation. The histological findings showed a variation in the bone response around coated implants done with different coating techniques and different healing intervals. Modified laser-coated samples revealed a significant improvement in structure, surface roughness values, bone integration and bond strength at the bone-implant interface than dip-coated samples. Thus, this technique can be an alternative for coating titanium dental implants.

<p>Biomedical Applications of TiO₂ Nanostructures: Recent Advances</p>

“…In this case, TiO 2 NTs not only provide antibacterial activity, but also could enhance osteogenic activity of implants. 56,57 This approach has been used by Liu et al to confirm that TiO 2 NTs, along with Zn, increase implant efficacy due to cytocompatibility and antibacterial functions at a proper concentration. This study depicted a novel surface modification in dental implant applications.…”

Applications of nano-materials in diverse dentistry regimes

“…The modied laser-coated specimens demonstrated more important improvements in the bond strength at the bone-implant interface compared to the dip-coated specimens. 127 Kim et al presented an easy and effective strategy to build a stable Ag nano-structure on the Ti surface ( Fig. 5) using a twostep procedure containing TIPS and Ag sputtering.…”

Insights into Theranostic Properties of Titanium Dioxide for Nanomedicine

“…A wide range of strategies have been developed to deposit and coat (core–shell nanomaterials) different metals (i.e., platinum, gold, or silver) as well as quantum dots onto the TiO 2 NSs. In addition, deposition of the nanostructured materials can remarkably affect cellular behaviors and responses, recognition of biomolecules, and ions at the interface [ 91 ]. For example, a simple deposition of gold nanoparticles on the surface of TiO 2 nanotubes can significantly improve the glucose detection [ 92 ].…”