Osmotic Properties of some Plant Cells at Low Temperatures

Lewis, Francis J.; Tuttle, Gwynethe M.

doi:10.1093/aob/os-34.3.405

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A hardy plant holds water with such tenacity that not enough can be extracted by cold to cause death. Similar conclusions were drawn by WHIPPLE (37) (17) who investigated the osmotic properties of leaves of some evergreens at Ontario, Canada. The osmotic pressure of the cell sap was in no case great enough to account for prevention of freezing of tissue.…”

Section: Historical Reviewsupporting

confidence: 81%

Adsorption as a Means of Determining Relative Hardiness in the Apple

Dunn

Bakke

1926

Plant Physiol.

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Section: Historical Reviewsupporting

confidence: 81%

Adsorption as a Means of Determining Relative Hardiness in the Apple

Dunn

Bakke

1926

Plant Physiol.

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“…It is well documented, for many plants, that tissue water content decreases while soluble carbohydrates, proline, polyamines, and other soluble solutes increase in concentration during cold acclimation (19,21). Further support for an osmotic adjustment hypothesis in citrus comes from observations that leaf tissue osmotic potential of lemon was higher than the more hardy orange which was higher than the most hardy kumquat (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Freezing Tolerance of Citrus, Spinach, and Petunia Leaf Tissue

Yelenosky¹,

Guy²

1989

Plant Physiol.

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Seasonal variations in freezing tolerance, water content, water and osmotic potential, and levels of soluble sugars of leaves of field-grown Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis) trees were studied to determine the ability of citrus trees to cold acclimate under natural conditions. Controlled environmental studies of young potted citrus trees, spinach (Spinacia pleracea), and petunia (Petunia hybrids) were carried out to study the water relations during cold acclimation under less variable conditions. During the coolest weeks of the winter, leaf water content and osmotic potential of field-grown trees decreased about 20 to 25%, while soluble sugars increased by 100%. At the same time, freezing tolerance increased from lethal temperature for 50% (LTso) of -2.8 to -3.80C. In contrast, citrus leaves cold acclimated at a constant 100C in growth chambers were freezing tolerant to about -60C. The calculated freezing induced cellular dehydration at the LT5o remained relatively constant for field-grown leaves throughout the year, but increased for leaves of plants cold acclimated at 100C in a controlled environment. Spinach leaves cold acclimated at 50C tolerated increased cellular dehydration compared to nonacclimated leaves. Cold acclimated petunia leaves increased in freezing tolerance by decreasing osmotic potential, but had no capacity to change cellular dehydration sensitivity. The result suggest that two cold acclimation mechanisms are involved in both citrus and spinach leaves and only one in petunia leaves. The common mechanism in all three species tested was a minor increase in tolerance (about -10C) resulting from low temperature induced osmotic adjustment, and the second in citrus and spinach was a noncolligative mechanism that increased the cellular resistance to freeze hydration.During extracellular freezing, ice first forms in the dilute apoplastic solution and a water potential gradient is established between the extracellular ice crystal and the intracellular liquid water. The lower water potential of ice as compared to that of liquid cellular water at the same temperature will cause liquid water to move from the cell to the extracellular ice (19). This process, depending on the temperature and concentration of the cell sap imposes a dehydration stress 'Part of this work was supported by a U.S. Department of Agriculture competitive research grant 85-CRCR-1-1649. University of Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Technical paper 8889. on the cell. When the cellular water potential of the partially dehydrated cell equals that of the extracellular ice, an equilibrium is established and further dehydration will not occur provided the temperature remains constant (15,23). If the temperature further declines or increases, water will flow out of or back into the cell. During such equilibrium freezing a tissue can behave either as an ideal solution or as a nonideal solution (15,23). In nonideal equilibrium freezing, negative wall pressure is believed to reduce the degree of cell dehydration and solute co...

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“…This process was used in this laboratory with considerable success, but in some cases the plant tissue was extremely resistant to freezing at the temperature resulting (-10 to -150 C.). Later, following the method of HARVEY (6), MEYER (11), LEWIS and TUTTLE (9), and others, solid carbon dioxide was used as a freezing medium with greater success. The temperature was so low that there was no question of the thoroughness of the freezing when the tissue was placed in contact with the solid CO2.…”

Section: Comparison Of Methods For Obtaining the Juicementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Nitrate Nitrogen in Plant Juice: A Study of the Expression and Clarification of the Juice

Frear¹

1930

Plant Physiol.

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Osmotic Properties of some Plant Cells at Low Temperatures

Cited by 44 publications

References 3 publications

Adsorption as a Means of Determining Relative Hardiness in the Apple

Adsorption as a Means of Determining Relative Hardiness in the Apple

Freezing Tolerance of Citrus, Spinach, and Petunia Leaf Tissue

Estimation of Nitrate Nitrogen in Plant Juice: A Study of the Expression and Clarification of the Juice

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