Osmoregulation, Immunolocalization of Na⁺/K⁺‐ATPase, and Ultrastructure of Branchial Epithelia in the Developing Brown Shrimp,Crangon crangon(Decapoda, Caridea)

Abstract

Aspects of osmoregulation including salinity tolerance, osmoregulatory capacity, location of transporting epithelia, and the expression of the enzyme Na ϩ /K ϩ -ATPase were investigated in the developing brown shrimp, Crangon crangon (L.), from the North Sea. Early developmental stages and large juveniles were exposed to a wide range of salinities for measurement of hemolymph osmolality and survival rates. In media ranging from 17.0‰ to 32.2‰, salinity tolerance was generally high (survival rates: 70%-100%) in all developmental stages, but it decreased in media !10.2‰. Zoeal stages and decapodids slightly hyperregulated at 17.0‰ and osmoconformed in media ≥25.5‰. At 10.2‰, these stages showed high mortality, and only juveniles survived at 5.3‰. Juveniles hyperregulated at 10.2‰ and 17.0‰, osmoconformed at 25.5‰, and hyporegulated in media ≥32.2‰. Large juveniles hyperregulated also at 5.3‰. Expression of the Na ϩ /K ϩ -ATPase and ion-transporting cells was located through immunofluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In zoeae I and VI, a strong immunoreactivity was observed in cells of the inner epithelia of the branchiostegites and in epithelial cells lining

Urea-based osmoregulation in the developing embryo of oviparous cartilaginous fish (Callorhinchus milii): contribution of the extraembryonic yolk sac during the early developmental period

“…In teleosts, functional ionocytes are distributed in the YSM during early embryonic stages , and a distributional shift of ionocytes from the YSM to the gills occurs (Hiroi et al, 1998;Katoh et al, 2000). Similar ontogeny-dependent shifts in the site of osmoregulation have also been reported in marine crustaceans (Cieluch et al, 2005) and cephalopods (Hu et al, 2011). Although the mechanisms to regulate body fluid homeostasis are different among aquatic species (cartilaginous fish, teleost fish and cephalopod), it is reasonable to suggest that the YSM is a critical osmoregulatory organ in aquatic animals during early development.…”

Osmoregulation and immunolocalization of Na+/K+-ATPase during the ontogeny of the mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis (Decapoda, Grapsoidea)

“…The few crustacean species in which the ontogeny of ion-transporting epithelia has been investigated by means of histological and/or electron microscopical techniques comprise Farfantepenaeus aztecus (Talbot et al 1972), Callianassa jamaicense (Felder et al 1986), Penaeus japonicus (Bouaricha et al 1994), Homarus gammarus (Lignot & Charmantier 2001), Carcinus maenas (Cieluch et al 2004), and Crangon crangon (Cieluch et al 2005).…”

Osmoregulation in the Hawaiian anchialine shrimpHalocaridina rubra(Crustacea: Atyidae): expression of ion transporters, mitochondria-rich cell proliferation, and hemolymph osmolality during salinity transfers

“…This finding suggests that osmoregulatory capabilities in H. rubra likely do not develop until this life stage or later. This hypothesis is supported by studies of Crangon crangon (Cieluch et al, 2005), C. granulatus (Charmantier et al, 2002) and C. maenas (Cieluch et al, 2004), where early zoeal stages are osmoconformers and osmoregulatory capabilities develop in later juvenile stages. One proposed explanation for this ontological shift in osmoregulation involves the different habitats exploited by larvae versus adults.…”