Osmoreceptors for Thirst

McKinley, M. J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-1817-6_5

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Plasma hyperosmolality may activate peripheral osmoreceptors and mainly central osmoreceptors located in the SFO and AV3V region (6,32,48). The activity of these and other forebrain areas involved in the control of fluidelectrolyte balance and cardiovascular regulation might be influenced by the inhibitory signals that arise through the commNTS (11,20,42,49,54,54).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The hyperosmolality activates central osmoreceptors located in the forebrain areas, such as the subfornical organ (SFO) and the region surrounding the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) signaling for thirst, hormonal (vasopressin and oxytocin release), renal (antidiuresis and natriuresis), and cardiovascular responses (hypertension and sympathetic nerve activation) (6,32). The AV3V or SFO lesions reduce water intake induced by an increase in plasma osmolality (7,47).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Small deviations are rapidly detected by central and peripheral osmoreceptors (19,21,32), which activate coordinated renal, neuroendocrine, and behavioral responses, to restore osmolality to normal levels (25,48).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…c-Fos expression; blood pressure; vasopressin; osmoreceptor; thirst THE MAINTENANCE OF PLASMA osmolality within narrow limits is essential for cellular homeostasis (41). Small deviations are rapidly detected by central and peripheral osmoreceptors (19,21,32), which activate coordinated renal, neuroendocrine, and behavioral responses, to restore osmolality to normal levels (25, 48).The hyperosmolality activates central osmoreceptors located in the forebrain areas, such as the subfornical organ (SFO) and the region surrounding the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) signaling for thirst, hormonal (vasopressin and oxytocin release), renal (antidiuresis and natriuresis), and cardiovascular responses (hypertension and sympathetic nerve activation) (6, 32). The AV3V or SFO lesions reduce water intake induced by an increase in plasma osmolality (7, 47).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Inhibitory mechanism of the nucleus of the solitary tract involved in the control of cardiovascular, dipsogenic, hormonal, and renal responses to hyperosmolality

Blanch

Freiria-Oliveira

Murphy

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is the primary site of visceral afferents to the central nervous system. In the present study, we investigated the effects of lesions in the commissural portion of the NTS (commNTS) on the activity of vasopressinergic neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei, plasma vasopressin, arterial pressure, water intake, and sodium excretion in rats with plasma hyperosmolality produced by intragastric 2 M NaCl (2 ml/rat). Male Holtzman rats with 15-20 days of sham or electrolytic lesion (1 mA; 10 s) of the commNTS were used. CommNTS lesions enhanced a 2 M NaCl intragastrically induced increase in the number of vasopressinergic neurons expressing c-Fos in the PVN (28 ± 1, vs. sham: 22 ± 2 c-Fos/AVP cells) and SON (26 ± 4, vs. sham: 11 ± 1 c-Fos/AVP cells), plasma vasopressin levels (21 ± 8, vs. sham: 6.6 ± 1.3 pg/ml), pressor responses (25 ± 7 mmHg, vs. sham: 7 ± 2 mmHg), water intake (17.5 ± 0.8, vs. sham: 11.2 ± 1.8 ml/2 h), and natriuresis (4.9 ± 0.8, vs. sham: 1.4 ± 0.3 meq/1 h). The pretreatment with vasopressin antagonist abolished the pressor response to intragastric 2 M NaCl in commNTS-lesioned rats (8 ± 2.4 mmHg at 10 min), suggesting that this response is dependent on vasopressin secretion. The results suggest that inhibitory mechanisms dependent on commNTS act to limit or counterbalance behavioral, hormonal, cardiovascular, and renal responses to an acute increase in plasma osmolality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibitory mechanism of the nucleus of the solitary tract involved in the control of cardiovascular, dipsogenic, hormonal, and renal responses to hyperosmolality

Blanch

Freiria-Oliveira

Murphy

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Investigations on the physiological controls of water and saline intake in C57BL/6 mice

Johnson

Beltz

Thunhorst

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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To examine the behavioral and neural control of body fluid homeostasis, water and saline intake of C57BL/6 mice was monitored under ad libitum conditions, after treatments that induce water or salt intake, and after ablation of the periventricular tissue of the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V). Mice have nocturnal drinking that is most prevalent after the offset and before the onset of lights. When given ad libitum choice, C57BL/6 mice show no preference for saline over water at concentrations up to 0.9% NaCl and a progressive aversion to saline above that concentration. Systemic hypertonic saline, isoproterenol, and polyethylene glycol treatments are dipsogenic; however, systemic ANG II is not. Intracerebroventricular injections of both hypertonic saline and ANG II are dipsogenic, and diuretic treatment followed by a short period of sodium deprivation induces salt intake. After ablation of the AV3V, mice can be nursed to recovery from initial adipsia and, similar to rats, show chronic deficits to dipsogenic treatments. Taken together, the data indicate that mechanisms controlling thirst in response to cellular dehydration in C57BL/6 mice are similar to rats, but there are differences in the efficacy of extracellular dehydration-related mechanisms, especially for systemic ANG II, controlling thirst and salt appetite.

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Catecholaminergic neurons in the comissural region of the nucleus of the solitary tract modulate hyperosmolality-induced responses

Freiria-Oliveira

Blanch

Pedrino

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Noradrenergic A2 neurons of the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) have been suggested to contribute to body fluid homeostasis and cardiovascular regulation. In the present study, we investigated the effects of lesions of A2 neurons of the commissural NTS (cNTS) on the c-Fos expression in neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei, arterial pressure, water intake, and urinary excretion in rats with plasma hyperosmolality produced by intragastric 2 M NaCl (2 ml/rat). Male Holtzman rats (280-320 g) received an injection of anti-dopamine-β-hydroxylase-saporin (12.6 ng/60 nl; cNTS/A2-lesion, n = 28) or immunoglobulin G (IgG)-saporin (12.6 ng/60 nl; sham, n = 24) into the cNTS. The cNTS/A2 lesions increased the number of neurons expressing c-Fos in the magnocellular PVN in rats treated with hypertonic NaCl (90 ± 13, vs. sham: 47 ± 20; n = 4), without changing the number of neurons expressing c-Fos in the parvocellular PVN or in the SON. Contrary to sham rats, intragastric 2 M NaCl also increased arterial pressure in cNTS/A2-lesioned rats (16 ± 3, vs. sham: 2 ± 2 mmHg 60 min after the intragastric load; n = 9), an effect blocked by the pretreatment with the vasopressin antagonist Manning compound (0 ± 3 mmHg; n = 10). In addition, cNTS/A2 lesions enhanced hyperosmolality-induced water intake (10.5 ± 1.4, vs. sham: 7.7 ± 0.8 ml/60 min; n = 8-10), without changing renal responses to hyperosmolality. The results suggest that inhibitory mechanisms dependent on cNTS/A2 neurons reduce water intake and vasopressin-dependent pressor response to an acute increase in plasma osmolality.

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Osmoreceptors for Thirst

Cited by 4 publications

References 60 publications

Inhibitory mechanism of the nucleus of the solitary tract involved in the control of cardiovascular, dipsogenic, hormonal, and renal responses to hyperosmolality

Inhibitory mechanism of the nucleus of the solitary tract involved in the control of cardiovascular, dipsogenic, hormonal, and renal responses to hyperosmolality

Investigations on the physiological controls of water and saline intake in C57BL/6 mice

Catecholaminergic neurons in the comissural region of the nucleus of the solitary tract modulate hyperosmolality-induced responses

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