Osmolyte System and Its Biological Significance

Chaudhuri, Pratima; Rashid, Naira; Thapliyal, Charu

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3707-8_1

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…This partial contradiction in our findings compared to the previous reports can be due to the impact of low temperature on induction of osmotic solutes (Li, 2018). Accumulation of different osmotic substances results in a decline in osmotic potential (Chaudhuri et al, 2017) and as a result membrane deterioration (Shibairo et al, 2002). Loss of membrane integrity increases EL from the tissues.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…EL was correlated with osmotic potential ( Figure 10A) and percentage of water loss ( Figure 10B) in the spathe of Anthurium (especially for 'Angel'). Water loss induces alterations in cellular metabolism (Wang et al, 2014), resulting in accumulation of soluble carbohydrate and proline (Chaudhuri et al, 2017). In our experiment, no correlation was found between water loss percentage and proline or soluble carbohydrate concentrations among different light spectra.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

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Postharvest Spectral Light Composition Affects Chilling Injury in Anthurium Cut Flowers

et al. 2020

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The effect of the lighting environment during postharvest storage of ornamentals has largely been neglected in previous research. Anthurium is a cold-sensitive species originating from tropical climates and is widely cultivated all around the world for its colorful spathes. To investigate the effects of light spectrum on the performance of Anthurium cut flowers under cold storage, two cultivars [Calore (red spathe) and Angel (withe spathe)] were placed at low temperature (4°C), either in darkness (D) or under different light spectra [red (R), blue (B), 70:30% red:blue (RB), and white (W)] at an intensity of 125 µmol.m −2 .s −1. In both cultivars, the longest and shortest vase lives were observed in spathes exposed to the R and B spectra, respectively. In both cultivars, electrolyte leakage (EL) of spathe was highest under the B and W spectra and lowest under the R spectrum. The highest rate of flower water loss from the spathes was observed under the B-containing light spectra, whereas the lowest rate of water loss was observed in D and under the R spectrum. Negative correlations were observed between EL and vase life and between anthocyanin concentration and EL for both Anthurium cultivars. A positive correlation was found between anthocyanin concentration and vase life. For both Anthurium cultivars, spectral light composition with higher percentage of B resulted in higher EL and as a result shorter vase life in cut flowers under cold storage condition. The negative effect of the B light spectrum on vase life of Anthurium can be explained through its effect on water loss and on oxidative stress and membrane integrity. The quality of Anthurium cut flowers should benefit from environments with restricted B light spectrum during postharvest handling.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Postharvest Spectral Light Composition Affects Chilling Injury in Anthurium Cut Flowers

et al. 2020

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“…Proline is a key player in the response and adaptation of plants to abiotic stress including high temperature stress by osmotic adjustment, redox equilibrium, biomacromolecule (protein, lipid, and nucleic acid) stabilization, etc. ( Szabados and Savoure, 2010 ; Kaur and Asthir, 2015 ; Chaudhuri et al, 2017 ). In wheat seedlings, high temperature stress could induce the accumulation of endogenous Pro, which in turn elevated the seedling thermotolerance ( Ahmed and Hasan, 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glycine betaine which has versatile functions is another important osmotic adjustment substance in plants ( Chen and Murata, 2011 ; Ahmad et al, 2013 ; Chaudhuri et al, 2017 ). In plants, BADH is a rate-limiting enzyme in GB biosynthesis ( Fitzgerald et al, 2009 ; Chen and Murata, 2011 ; Ahmad et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antioxidant system includes antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase: SOD, ascorbate peroxidase: APX, glutathione reductase: GR, catalase: CAT, and guaiacol peroxidase: GPX) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbic acid: AsA and glutathione: GSH), which can alleviate oxidative damage of biomacromolecules (proteins, lipids, DNA, and RNA) and biomembrane by scavenging excess ROS and MG; osmotic adjustment substances is also known as osmolytes or compatible solutes ( Ashraf and Foolad, 2007 ; Jha et al, 2014 ; Chaudhuri et al, 2017 ; John et al, 2017 ; Li et al, 2017a , b ). Osmotic adjustment substances have emerged multidimensional functions, implicating in osmotic adjustment (to combat with osmotic stress), redox buffering, and ROS scavenging (to ameliorate oxidative stress), and acting as small molecular chaperones (to stabilize the structures of protein, enzyme, DNA, RNA, and biomembrane) and development signaling molecule ( Chen and Murata, 2011 ; Ahmad et al, 2013 ; Chaudhuri et al, 2017 ; John et al, 2017 ). In higher plants, Δ 1 -pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) are the rate-limiting enzymes in Pro, GB, and Tre biosynthesis, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Signaling Molecule Hydrogen Sulfide Improves Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.) Under High Temperature by Inducing Antioxidant System and Osmolyte Biosynthesis

Zhihao

Wang

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a novel type signaling molecule in plants. Seed germination is a key stage of life cycle of plants, which is vulnerable to environmental stress including high temperature. However, under high temperature stress, whether pre-soaking of maize seeds with NaHS (a H2S donor) could improve seed germination and seedling growth and the possible mechanisms are not completely clear. In this study, maize seeds pre-soaked with NaHS enhanced germination percentage, sprout length, root length, and fresh weight compared with the control without NaHS treatment, illustrating that H2S could improve maize seed germination and seedling growth under high temperature. In addition, in comparison to the control, NaHS pre-soaking stimulated antioxidant enzymes [ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)] activities and the contents of water soluble non-enzymatic antioxidants [ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH)], as well as the ratio of reduced antioxidant to oxidized antioxidant. Moreover, pre-soaking with NaHS activated Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) and ornithine aminotransferase [OAT; both are rate-limiting enzymes in proline (Pro) synthesis], betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase [BADH; a key enzyme in glycine betaine (GB)], and trehalose (Tre)-6-phosphate phosphatase (a key step in Tre synthesis), which in turn accumulated Pro, GB, and Tre in germinating seeds compared with the control. Also, an improved germination by NaHS under high temperature was reinforced by the above osmotic adjustment substances (osmolytes) alone, while deteriorated by the inhibitors of osmolyte biosynthesis [gabaculine (GAB), disulfiram (DSF), and sodium citrate (SC)]. These results imply that H2S could improve maize seed germination and seedling growth under high temperature by inducing antioxidant system and osmolyte biosynthesis.

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Partial Characterization of a Low-Molecular-Mass Fraction with Cryoprotectant Activity from Jumbo Squid (Dosidicus gigas) Mantle Muscle

Álvarez-Armenta¹,

Carvajal–Millán²,

Pacheco‐Aguilar³

et al. 2019

Food technol. biotechnol. (Online)

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Freezing conditions affect fish muscle protein functionality due to its denaturation/aggregation. However, jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) muscle protein functionality remains stable even after freezing, probably due to the presence of low-molecular-mass compounds (LMMC) as cryoprotectants. Thus, water-soluble LMMC (<1 kDa) fraction obtained from jumbo squid muscle was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. From its spectra, total carbohydrates, free monosaccharides, free amino acids and ammonium chloride were determined. Cryoprotectant capacity and protein cryostability conferred by LMMC were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. Fraction partial characterization showed that the main components are free amino acids (18.84 mg/g), carbohydrates (67.1 µg/mg) such as monosaccharides (51.1 µg/mg of glucose, fucose and arabinose in total) and ammonium chloride (220.4 µg/mg). Arginine, sarcosine and taurine were the main amino acids in the fraction. LMMC, at the mass fraction present in jumbo squid muscle, lowered the water freezing point to –1.2 °C, inhibiting recrystallization at 0.66 °C. Significant myofibrillar protein stabilization by LMMC was observed after a freeze-thaw cycle compared to control (muscle after extraction of LMMC), proving the effectiveness on jumbo squid protein muscle cryo- stability. Osmolytes in LMMC fraction inhibited protein denaturation/aggregation and ice recrystallization, maintaining the muscle structure stable under freezing conditions. LMMC conferred protein cryostability even at the very low mass fraction in the muscle.

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Osmolyte System and Its Biological Significance

Cited by 4 publications

References 67 publications

Postharvest Spectral Light Composition Affects Chilling Injury in Anthurium Cut Flowers

Postharvest Spectral Light Composition Affects Chilling Injury in Anthurium Cut Flowers

Signaling Molecule Hydrogen Sulfide Improves Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize (Zea mays L.) Under High Temperature by Inducing Antioxidant System and Osmolyte Biosynthesis

Partial Characterization of a Low-Molecular-Mass Fraction with Cryoprotectant Activity from Jumbo Squid (Dosidicus gigas) Mantle Muscle

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