Oscillatory Shear Stress Mediates Directional Reorganization of Actin Cytoskeleton and Alters Differentiation Propensity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Kuo, Yi Chun; Chang, Tzu Hao; Hsu, Wei-Feng; Zhou, Jing; Lee, Hsiao-Hui; Ho, Jennifer H.; Chien, Shu; Kuang-Sheng, Oscar

doi:10.1002/stem.1860

Cited by 55 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…OSS induces directional reorganization of F-actin to mediate the fate choice of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through the regulation of the β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway in a time-dependent manner [74*]. OSS also activates angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) expression critical to angiogenesis via canonical β-catenin/Wnt signaling in human aortic EC [75*].…”

Section: Shear Stress Modulation Of Vascular Development and Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood flow modulation of vascular dynamics

Lee¹,

Packard

Hsiai

2015

Current Opinion in Lipidology

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Purpose of review Blood flow is intimately linked with cardiovascular development, repair, and dysfunction. The current review will build on the fluid mechanical principle underlying hemodynamic shear forces, mechanotransduction, and metabolic effects. Recent findings Pulsatile flow produces both time- (∂τ /∂t)and spatial-varying shear stress (∂τ /∂x) to modulate vascular oxidative stress and inflammatory response with pathophysiological significance to atherosclerosis. The characteristics of hemodynamic shear forces; namely, steady laminar (∂τ /∂t= 0), pulsatile (PSS: unidirectional forward flow), and oscillatory shear stress (OSS: bidirectional with a near net 0 forward flow) modulate mechano-signal transduction to influence metabolic effects on vascular endothelial function. Atheroprotective PSS promotes anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-thrombotic responses, whereas atherogenic OSS induces NADPH oxidase–JNK signaling to increase mitochondrial superoxide production, protein degradation of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and post-translational protein modifications of LDL particles in the disturbed flow-exposed regions of vasculature. In the era of tissue regeneration, shear stress has been implicated in re-activation of developmental genes; namely, Wnt and Notch signaling, for vascular development and repair. Summary Blood flow imparts a dynamic continuum from vascular development to repair. Augmentation of PSS confers atheroprotection and re-activation of developmental signaling pathways for regeneration.

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Section: Shear Stress Modulation Of Vascular Development and Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood flow modulation of vascular dynamics

Lee¹,

Packard

Hsiai

2015

Current Opinion in Lipidology

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“…β-catenin is a transcriptional coactivator in the Wnt pathway, and its activation and translocation into nucleus are critical in the later stage of reprogramming [24][25]. β-catenin itself has also been found to be responsive to shear stress [26]. Importantly, both proteins have been implicated in contact inhibition and cell cycle arrest [27][28][29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic culture improves cell reprogramming efficiency

et al. 2016

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Cell reprogramming to pluripotency is an inefficient process and various approaches have been devised to improve the yield of induced pluripotent stem cells. However, the effect of biophysical factors on cell reprogramming is not well understood. Here we showed that, for the first time, dynamic culture with orbital shaking significantly improved the reprogramming efficiency in adherent cells. Manipulating the viscosity of the culture medium suggested that the improved efficiency is mainly attributed to convective mixing rather than hydrodynamic shear stress. Temporal studies demonstrated that the enhancement of reprogramming efficiency required the dynamic culture in the middle but not early phase. In the early phase, fibroblasts had a high proliferation rate, but as the culture became over-confluent in the middle phase, expression of p57 was upregulated to inhibit cell proliferation and consequently, cell reprogramming. Subjecting the over confluent culture to orbital shaking prevented the upregulation of p57, thus improving reprogramming efficiency. Seeding cells at low densities to avoid over-confluency resulted in a lower efficiency, and optimal reprogramming efficiency was attained at a high seeding density with dynamic culture. Our findings provide insight into the underlying mechanisms of how dynamic culture condition regulate cell reprogramming, and will have broad impact on cell engineering for regenerative medicine and disease modeling.

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“…Interestingly, Wnt, one of the signals proven to be consistently produced by apoptotic cells in different contexts and organisms, can regulate cytoskeletal reorganization by inducing the stabilization of microtubules (Ciani et al, 2004). Furthermore, shear stress, which rapidly promotes actin cytoskeleton reorganization, has recently been found to modify the Wnt signaling pathway through different mechanisms (Kuo et al, 2015). These studies suggest a possible connection between the two major effects of apoptosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spreading the word: non-autonomous effects of apoptosis during development, regeneration and disease

2015

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Apoptosis, in contrast to other forms of cell death such as necrosis, was originally regarded as a 'silent' mechanism of cell elimination designed to degrade the contents of doomed cells. However, during the past decade it has become clear that apoptotic cells can produce diverse signals that have a profound impact on neighboring cells and tissues. For example, apoptotic cells can release factors that influence the proliferation and survival of adjacent tissues. Apoptosis can also affect tissue movement and morphogenesis by modifying tissue tension in surrounding cells. As we review here, these findings reveal unexpected roles for apoptosis in tissue remodeling during development, as well as in regeneration and cancer.

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Oscillatory Shear Stress Mediates Directional Reorganization of Actin Cytoskeleton and Alters Differentiation Propensity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Cited by 55 publications

References 77 publications

Blood flow modulation of vascular dynamics

Blood flow modulation of vascular dynamics

Dynamic culture improves cell reprogramming efficiency

Spreading the word: non-autonomous effects of apoptosis during development, regeneration and disease

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