Oscillatory Perfusion Culture of CaP-Based Tissue Engineering Bone with and without Dexamethasone

Abstract

Dexamethasone, a powerful osteogenic agent for osteoblast differentiation, has been suggested to have synergistic effects when applied together with perfusion culture. As ceramic scaffolds are widely used clinically and oscillatory flow well replicates the natural physical conditions, the biological effects of dexamethasone on oscillatory perfusion culture of CaP-based tissue engineering bone were investigated in this study. Mouse osteoblast-like cells, MC 3T3-E1, were seeded onto porous ceramic scaffolds using the oscillatory perfusion method. The seeded constructs were then either cultured by a static method or an oscillatory perfusion method at different flow rates continuously for 6 days with and without dexamethasone. The cell proliferation, early osteogenic effects, and viability were subsequently evaluated. The results showed that the oscillatory flow could enhance early osteogenesis of osteoblast-like cells in three-dimensional culture on ceramic scaffolds, with a peak function at the flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The cell viability was significantly higher and more uniform in the perfusion groups than in the static culture groups. The uniformity decreased as the perfusion rates decreased. However, dexamethasone seems to have had no significant effects in any of the groups. Our results suggest that dexamethasone is not an efficient osteogenic supplement during perfusion culture on CaP ceramic scaffolds, and predifferentiation before seeding or additional osteogenic factors should be considered for such cultures.

Comparative study between tissue‐engineered periosteum and structural allograft in rabbit critical‐sized radial defect model

“…Although researchers have attempted to use various hydrodynamic culture systems to facilitate 3D culture, they do not seem to be efficient enough to enhance the chemotransport inside the scaffold, which make it more like to culture cells two-dimensionally (2D) on the outer surface of a 3D scaffold. 9 Second, vascularization is also a big challenge for large volume bone tissue engineering. 10,11 Third, popularly used autologous cell, with consideration of immunological advantage, makes tissue engineering impractical for widely clinical application, and less likely leads thetissue-engineered products to standardization and industrialization.…”

Influence of cassette design on three-dimensional perfusion culture of artificial bone

“…[25][26][27] The upper chamber consisted of six flow wells machined into a block of Teflon [ Figure 1(A,B)]. The base of each well was sealed with 0.3-mm silicone film.…”

Hydrodynamic 3D Culture for Bone Tissue Engineering

“…The asterisk (*) undicated a statisticallly significant difference between the static group and the perfusion group (p<0.05); (#) indicates a statistically significant difference from groups of other flow rates in the same medium (p<0.05). (Du et al, 2008) The status of the cells in the center of the scaffolds under different culture conditions was observed under SEM, as shown in Fig. 9.…”

“…Scale bar =25 µm. (Du et al, 2008) A gross view of the cell viability distribution throughout the various sections is shown in Fig. 10a.…”

“…The asterisk (*) indicates a statistically significant difference between the static group and the perfusion group (p<0.01). (Du et al, 2008) 2.1.3 3D culture by unidirectional or oscillatory flow for bone tissue engineering As we mentinoned in 2.1.2, the compact perfusion system with oscillatory flow appeared to enhance early osteogenesis and the uniformity o f c u l t u r e d b o n e c o n s t r u c t s . H e r e , w e compared the biological effects of a perfusion system with unifirectional flow on the 3D construction of cell-seeded bone grafts against those of a perfusion system with oscillatory flow.…”