Oscillations in retention performance after passive avoidance training

Wansley, Richard A.; Holloway, Frank

doi:10.1016/0023-9690(76)90037-0

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, we think this is not the case, since this type of masking effect would presumably be present in tone-cued fear conditioning and is not apparent. Although this may be resolved by additional groups trained at one ZT but tested at another, this would result in comparing animals with different training-testing intervals, which can lead to different performances (Holloway & Wansley, 1973a, 1973bWansley & Holloway, 1975, 1976.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…passive avoidance learning (Holloway & Wansley, 1973a, 1973bWansley & Holloway, 1976), as well as one-trial appetitivelearning (Wansley & Holloway, 1975), have been well characterized. These retention deficits represent an inability of the animal to retrieve the memory of a learning experience when the training-testing delay is at non-24-h intervals and are flattened by lesions of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (the master biological clock in mammals; Stephan & Kovacevic, 1978).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of circadian phase on context and cued fear conditioning in C57BL/6J mice

Valentinuzzi

Kolker²,

Vitaterna³

et al. 2001

Animal Learning & Behavior

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of circadian phase on context and cued fear conditioning in C57BL/6J mice

Valentinuzzi

Kolker²,

Vitaterna³

et al. 2001

Animal Learning & Behavior

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“…Early findings by Holloway and Wansley demonstrated that passive avoidance performance was optimized periodically at 24-h intervals following learning (Holloway and Wansley 1973a,b;Wansley and Holloway 1976), and it was later determined that this periodic performance was dependent upon an intact suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) (Stephan and Kovacevic 1978). Investigators have also examined how SCNdriven biological rhythms interact with performance through time-of-day studies on learning.…”

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confidence: 96%

Bidirectional interactions between circadian entrainment and cognitive performance

Gritton

Kantorowski

Sarter³

et al. 2012

Learn. Mem.

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Circadian rhythms influence a variety of physiological and behavioral processes; however, little is known about how circadian rhythms interact with the organisms' ability to acquire and retain information about their environment. These experiments tested whether rats trained outside their endogenous active period demonstrate the same rate of acquisition, daily performance, and remote memory ability as their nocturnally trained counterparts in tasks of sustained attention and spatial memory. Furthermore, we explored how daily task training influenced circadian patterns of activity. We found that rats demonstrate better acquisition and performance on an operant task requiring attentional effort when trained during the dark-phase. Time of day did not affect acquisition or performance on the Morris water maze; however, when animals were retested 2 wk after their last day of training, they showed better remote memory if training originally occurred during the dark-phase. Finally, attentional, but not spatial, task performance during the light-phase promotes a shift toward diurnality and the synchronization of activity to the time of daily training; this shift was most robust when the demands on the cognitive control of attention were highest. Our findings support a theory of bidirectional interactions between cognitive performance and circadian processes and are consistent with the view that the circadian abnormalities associated with shift-work, aging, and neuropsychiatric illnesses may contribute to the deleterious effects on cognition often present in these populations. Furthermore, these findings suggest that time of day should be an important consideration for a variety of cognitive tasks principally used in psychological and neuroscience research.

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“…First, in the rat ablation of SCN abolishes circadian rhythms in corticosterone levels (1), locomotion and drinking (2), pineal serotonin N-acetyltransferase activity (3), sleep (4), body temperature (5,6), and events underlying estrous cyclicity (7). SCN lesions also abolish circadian rhythmicity in other mammals (8)(9)(10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of circadian rhythmicity and light responsiveness in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus: a study using the 2-deoxy[1-14C]glucose method.

Fuchs¹,

Moore²

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is thought to play a critical role in circadian rhythm generation and entrainment to the light/dark cycle. In adult rats, the SCN shows a circadian rhythm in metabolic activity level as indicated by 2-deoxy(1-'4Cjglucose uptake. In the present study, the development of this rhythm was investigated. No diurnal difference in uptake was evident in fetal rats 1-2 days before birth. A significant diurnal difference in SCN 2-deoxyglucose uptake was present on postnatal day 1, even in rats kept in constant darkness. By day 1, exposure to light at night increased the SCN metabolic levels. According to previous studies, on day 1 the SCN is poorly developed and contains few synapses. At this time the retinohypothalamic tract has not yet developed. We found progressive functional maturation of the SCN through day 21, when the rhythm and light responsiveness resembled those of adult rats.Three lines of evidence support the view that the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus plays a critical role in generation and entrainment of circadian rhythms in mammals. First, in the rat ablation of SCN abolishes circadian rhythms in corticosterone levels (1), locomotion and drinking (2), pineal serotonin N-acetyltransferase activity (3), sleep (4), body temperature (5, 6), and events underlying estrous cyclicity (7). SCN lesions also abolish circadian rhythmicity in other mammals (8-10). This disruptive effect is not seen after ablation of areas other than the SCN or its efferents (3, 10-16). Rhythms can be entrained to light/dark cycles after ablation of all visual pathways except the retinohypothalamic tract, which projects to the SCN (17, 18), but it has not been established whether other visual pathways participate in the entrainment of circadian rhythms in the intact animal.Second, electrophysiological studies indicate that, after surgical isolation of the SCN, circadian rhythms in neuronal activity persist in the island containing the SCN but disappear in regions of the brain outside the island (19).Third, Schwartz and Gainer (20) used the 2-deoxy[1-14C]-glucose (dGlc) method to demonstrate a circadian rhythm in metabolic activity of the SCN in the intact rat brain. dGlc competes with glucose for cellular uptake; glucose is normally the sole energy source in brain. After phosphorylation, dGlc is not metabolized and accumulates as a function of neuronal metabolic energy needs. Thus, dGlc accumulation reflects an aspect of the functional state of the nervous system (21). In the adult rat there is a clear diurnal difference in dGlc uptake in the SCN but not in any other brain region examined (20,22). SCN activity is about 60% higher in the morning, in light or darkness, than it is in darkness at night. Light at night increases SCN dGlc uptake to approximately morning levels. The light responsiveness of the SCN may be an expression of its role in

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Oscillations in retention performance after passive avoidance training

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of circadian phase on context and cued fear conditioning in C57BL/6J mice

Effect of circadian phase on context and cued fear conditioning in C57BL/6J mice

Bidirectional interactions between circadian entrainment and cognitive performance

Development of circadian rhythmicity and light responsiveness in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus: a study using the 2-deoxy[1-14C]glucose method.

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