Orthophosphate Therapy in Calcium Renal Lithiasis1

Smith, Lynwood H.; Thomas, W. C.; Arnaud, C. D.

doi:10.1159/000394938

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…often prohibitive in view of the patients' mobility. The clinical results obtained in our study with oral orthophosphate treatment of calcium lithiasis in 'metabolically active' stone patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria (benefit in 8 out of 11 patients) are in agreement with those reported by others on similar patients [1,5,11,15] and in calcium lithiasis in general [15]. Our observations conform to those of others [12] who consider orthophosphate treatment contraindicated in the presence of urinary tract infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Evaluation of clinical response to medical treatment of renal lithiasis is feasible mainly in patients with 'metabolically active' stone disease (as defined by the criteria of Smith et al [15]), since they present tangible evidence over relatively short periods of time. Evaluation of treatment in 'metabolically inactive' stone patients would require very prolonged peri ods of follow-up.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A diet containing about 900 mg calcium/day was given. The metabolic stone activity was judged according the criteria of Smith et al [15]: 'Surgically active' -presence of renal colic, obstruction or infection requiring surgical intervention; 'metabolically active' -formation of a new stone or growth of a previous stone or documented passage of gravel within the past year; 'metabolically inactive' -no change in stone formation within the past year; 'intermediate activity' -the available data are inade quate for assessment of metabolic activity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several reports on the treat ment of renal calcium stones, whether or not associated with hypercalci uria, by orthophosphate appeared in the recent literature, the majority presenting positive results [1,5,12,15]. The rationale of this treatment by orthophosphate is its presumed hypocalciuric and pyrophosphate ex cretion-augmenting action [6,11,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orthophosphate Treatment of Calcium Lithiasis Associated with Idiopathic Hypercalciuria

Oliver¹,

Weinberger²,

Bar‐Meir³

et al. 1974

Urol Int

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orthophosphate Treatment of Calcium Lithiasis Associated with Idiopathic Hypercalciuria

Oliver¹,

Weinberger²,

Bar‐Meir³

et al. 1974

Urol Int

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“…Oral supplements of phosphate can reduce the rate of production of calcium-containing renal stones (Smith et al, 1973).…”

Section: Phosphate As a Therapeutic Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Calcium Metabolism

Russell

1976

Ann Clin Biochem

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This paper reviews the regulation of calcium metabolism in man. The body's calcium economy is determined by the relationship between the intestinal absorption of calcium, the renal handling of calcium, and by the movements of calcium in and out of the skeleton. These processes are influenced by many factors, the most important of which are parathyroid hormone and the hormones derived from the renal metabolism of vitamin D, notably l,25-dihydroxyvitamin D aThe role of endogenous calcitonin in man is still controversial, but there are severalother hormones which have some influence on calcium metabolism, including thyroid hormone, growth hormone, and the adrenal and gonadal steroids. Clinical disorders of calcium metabolism and their treatment are discussedin terms of the disturbances in normal physiologythey represent.There has been a rapid growth in knowledge about calcium metabolism in the past decade, particularly in understanding the biochemistry of the calciumregulating hormones. This recent work has meant that many old concepts have had to be re-examined, a process which is still far from complete, especially in relation to human disease. The purpose of this paper is to review current concepts in outline and to refer the reader to other sources for more detailed information (see Bibliography).Regulation of calcium metabolism can be considered from at least three distinct but interrelated aspects: (i) control of the concentration of calcium in extracellular fluid and tissues; (ii) control of the body's overall calcium balance, i.e., the relationship between gains and losses; (iii) control of the shape, structure and composition of bone and the way these respond to changes in external factors such as load bearing. ·From Widdowson and Dickerson (1964). DISTRIBUTION OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHATEis outside the skeleton, the remainder within it. This Most of the body's calcium resides within bone exchangeable pool of calcium is very important in (Table 1). The other major inorganic constituent homoeostasis, and movements of calcium ions beof bone is phosphorus, as inorganic phosphate (Pi). tween body fluids. cells, and the surfaces of bone Unlike calcium, the concentration of which is low occur continuously. Between 1 and 4 %of the human in most soft tissues, about 15 % of the body's adult skeleton is thought to be renewed each year.phosphorus lies outside the skeleton, in body fluids Trabecular bone has a faster turnover than cortical and in tissues, mostly as organic phosphate com-bone. pounds, e.g., nucleic acids and nucleotides, phosphoIn order to understand the way in which the body lipids and phosphorylated metabolites.gains and loses calcium from the external environStudies with radioisotopes (45Ca and 47Ca) have ment and the way in which internal control is shown that in normal human adults the exchangeable achieved the system can be simplified to a considerapool of calcium represents less than 1 % of total tion of the roles of the three major organs involved, body calcium (in the region of 70 mg/kg during the...

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Evaluation and Medical Management of Kidney Stones

Humphreys

Lieske

2012

Essential Urology

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Orthophosphate Therapy in Calcium Renal Lithiasis1

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Orthophosphate Treatment of Calcium Lithiasis Associated with Idiopathic Hypercalciuria

Orthophosphate Treatment of Calcium Lithiasis Associated with Idiopathic Hypercalciuria

Regulation of Calcium Metabolism

Evaluation and Medical Management of Kidney Stones

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