Oropharyngeal Colonization Density of Kingella kingae

Ceroni, Dimitri; Dubois-Ferrière, Victor; Llana, Rebecca Anderson de la; Kherad, Omar; Lascombes, P.; Renzi, Gesuèle; Manzano, Sergio; Cherkaoui, Abdessalam; Schrenzel, Jacques

doi:10.1097/inf.0b013e31828ac051

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…In our population, the colonization rate was greatest among children aged between 12 and 36 mo. After 36 mo, the carriage rate declined, probably due to the maturation of the children's immune system and/or an acquired humeral immunity to K. kingae carriage and invasive infection as a result of previous expositions (15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Our results show marked similarities to a recent study carried out by Amit et al (20) among a large cohort of healthy Israeli children; and previous data (13,16).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Previous studies conducted in Israel, using standard culture methods, found prevalences of oropharyngeal K. kingae colonization between 3.2 and 17.5% among children less than 4 y (8,14,16). Quantitative studies imply that the load of K. kingae among asymptomatic carriers changes little through the first 4 y of life and is similar to that of patients with invasive OAI (17,18). Our use of rt-PCR for detection did not increase the observed prevalence rate beyond the previously reported range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Oropharyngeal Kingella kingae carriage in children: characteristics and correlation with osteoarticular infections

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Oropharyngeal Kingella kingae carriage in children: characteristics and correlation with osteoarticular infections

et al. 2015

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“…Contrary to what has been observed in infections induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae or H. influenzae type b, no quantitative differences in bacterial density between healthy carriers and sick children were found, suggesting that other factors are more important for the development of an invasive K. kingae infection (96). Using the same approach, it was shown that the bacterial density remains remarkably stable in colonized children aged 8 months to 4 years, despite substantial differences in the risk to develop a K. kingae infection during this wide age interval (97).…”

Section: Detection By Molecular Methodsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Kingella kingae: Carriage, Transmission, and Disease

2015

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SUMMARY Kingella kingae is a common etiology of pediatric bacteremia and the leading agent of osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in children aged 6 to 36 months. This Gram-negative bacterium is carried asymptomatically in the oropharynx and disseminates by close interpersonal contact. The colonized epithelium is the source of bloodstream invasion and dissemination to distant sites, and certain clones show significant association with bacteremia, osteoarthritis, or endocarditis. Kingella kingae produces an RTX (repeat-in-toxin) toxin with broad-spectrum cytotoxicity that probably facilitates mucosal colonization and persistence of the organism in the bloodstream and deep body tissues. With the exception of patients with endocardial involvement, children with K. kingae diseases often show only mild symptoms and signs, necessitating clinical acumen. The isolation of K. kingae on routine solid media is suboptimal, and detection of the bacterium is significantly improved by inoculating exudates into blood culture bottles and the use of PCR-based assays. The organism is generally susceptible to antibiotics that are administered to young patients with joint and bone infections. β-Lactamase production is clonal, and the local prevalence of β-lactamase-producing strains is variable. If adequately and promptly treated, invasive K. kingae infections with no endocardial involvement usually run a benign clinical course.

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“…Based on previous studies from other countries the prevalence of K. kingae oropharyngeal carriage in children below 4 years of age range from 8% to 12% . We hypothesized the prevalence in West‐Norwegian children in the age 12–24 months to be 12%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first report on epidemiology of oropharyngeal Kingella kingae carriage in Scandinavian children: K. kingae carriage is very common in children attending day care facilities in Western Norway

Lillebø

Breistein

Aamas

et al. 2019

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Kingella kingae colonizes the upper airways in children and has been recognized as the most common causative agent of osteoarticular infections (OAI) in children below 4 years of age. This is the first Scandinavian study to investigate oropharyngeal K. kingae carriage in healthy children. From June 2015 to August 2016, we recruited 198 healthy children aged 11–14 months from routine consultations at health promotion centers in Hordaland County, Norway for a cross‐sectional study. After their parents had provided informed consent; demographic data were registered, and an oropharyngeal swab was collected. The oropharyngeal swab was analyzed with a real‐time PCR assay specific to K. kingae targeting the RTX toxin locus. Results showed an asymptomatic carriage rate of 12.6%. A striking and highly significant difference was observed between the children that had started attending day care facilities as compared with children still being at home (33.33% vs 8.5%; p < 0.001). K. kingae is prevalent in young children in Norway. This study emphasize that K. kingae should be considered an important etiological agent in OAI. Transmission seems to be facilitated in day care facilities. The correlation between oropharyngeal carriage and OAI needs to be further explored.

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Oropharyngeal Colonization Density of Kingella kingae

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

Oropharyngeal Kingella kingae carriage in children: characteristics and correlation with osteoarticular infections

Oropharyngeal Kingella kingae carriage in children: characteristics and correlation with osteoarticular infections

Kingella kingae: Carriage, Transmission, and Disease

The first report on epidemiology of oropharyngeal Kingella kingae carriage in Scandinavian children: K. kingae carriage is very common in children attending day care facilities in Western Norway

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