Ornithomimosaurs from the Nemegt Formation of Mongolia: manus morphological variation and diversity

Chinzorig, Tsogtbaatar; Kobayashi, Yoshiyuki; Tsogtbaatar, Khishigjav; Currie, Philip J.; Takasaki, Ryuji; Tanaka, Tomonori; Iijima, Masaya; Барсболд, Ринчен

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.10.031

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Despite this, the likelihood of more than one co-occurring taxon in the Eutaw assemblage, coupled with a lack of association between elements, and the presence of pathologies, prevents us from confidently assigning the Eutaw specimens to finer taxonomic levels, such as a species, in this time. Nonetheless, the presence of two ornithomimosaur taxa in the Santonian Eutaw assemblage, based on the combined size and growth data presented herein, is consistent with Campanian-Maastrichtian assemblages of the North America and Asia [115,129], suggesting that multiple species of ornithomimosaurian theropods likely cohabited within Laurasian ecosystems throughout the latter half of the Late Cretaceous. Due to gaps in the fossil record, it is currently unclear if this pattern is related to the evolution of large body size (>350 kg) among some ornithomimosaurians initiating in the Aptian/Albian (e.g., B. grandis , A. fridayi ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…However, co-occurrences of both small/medium and large-bodied ornithomimosaur genera are rare. Few examples include the Late Cretaceous Nemegt Formation (early Maastrichtian) of Mongolia, which preserves the medium-bodied taxa Anserimimus planinychus and G. bullatus and large-bodied taxon D. mirificus [115,129,130], and the Dinosaur Park Formation (mid to late Campanian) of Canada, including the medium-bodied taxa O. velox and S. altus , and potentially also an unnamed large ornithomimosaur [126].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Large-bodied ornithomimosaurs inhabited Appalachia during the Late Cretaceous of North America

Chinzorig

Cullen

Phillips

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Reconstructing the evolution, diversity, and paleobiogeography of North America’s Late Cretaceous dinosaur assemblages requires spatiotemporally contiguous data; however, there remains a spatial and temporal disparity in dinosaur data on the continent. The rarity of vertebrate-bearing sedimentary deposits representing Turonian–Santonian ecosystems, and the relatively sparse record of dinosaurs from the eastern portion of the continent, present persistent challenges for studies of North American dinosaur evolution. Here we describe an assemblage of ornithomimosaurian materials from the Santonian Eutaw Formation of Mississippi. Morphological data coupled with osteohistological growth markers suggest the presence of two taxa of different body sizes, including one of the largest ornithomimosaurians known worldwide. The regression predicts a femoral circumference and a body mass of the Eutaw individuals similar to or greater than that of large-bodied ornithomimosaurs, Beishanlong grandis and Gallimimus bullatus . The paleohistology of MMNS VP-6332 demonstrates that the individual was at least 11 years of age (similar to B. grandis [~375 kg, 13–14 years old at death]). Additional pedal elements share some intriguing features with ornithomimosaurs yet suggest a larger-body size closer to Deinocheirus mirificus . The presence of a large-bodied ornithomimosaur in this region during this time is consistent with the relatively recent discoveries of early-diverging, large-bodied ornithomimosaurs from mid-Cretaceous strata of Laurasia ( Arkansaurus fridayi and B. grandis ). The smaller Eutaw taxon is represented by a tibia preserving seven growth cycles, with osteohistological indicators of decreasing growth, yet belongs to an individual with near reaching somatic maturity of the larger taxon, suggesting the co-existence of medium- and large-bodied ornithomimosaur taxa during the Late Cretaceous Santonian of North America. The Eutaw ornithomimosaur materials provide key information on the diversity and distribution of North American ornithomimosaurs and Appalachian dinosaurs and fit with broader evidence of multiple cohabiting species of ornithomimosaurian dinosaurs in Late Cretaceous ecosystems of Laurasia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-bodied ornithomimosaurs inhabited Appalachia during the Late Cretaceous of North America

Chinzorig

Cullen

Phillips

et al. 2022

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“…Ornithomimosauria for Chinzorig et al (2018) likewise showed spatial separation from all other taxa for PC 2 (Fig. 28 there is not so pronounced a separation between ornithomimosaurs and other taxa and the "basal" alvarezsauroid Haplocheirus is within the ornithomimosaur cluster ( Fig.…”

Section: E Maniraptoriformesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The matrix for Ornithomimosauria consisted of 568 characters for 98 taxa (Chinzorig et al 2018). We examined the 37 taxa with at least 50% of their character states known.…”

Section: Doran Et Al ◀ Dinosaur Baraminology ▶ 2018 Iccmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dinosauria: Baraminological and multivariate patterns

Doran¹,

McLain²,

Young³

et al. 2018

PICC

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The Dinosauria pose both interesting and challenging questions for creationist systematists. One question is whether new dinosaur discoveries are closing morphospatial gaps between dinosaurian groups, revealing continuous morphological fossil series, such as between coelurosaurians and avialans. Questions such as these underscore the importance of systematics for resolving correct group memberships, including tools for visualizing morphospatial relationships. Baraminic distance correlation (BDC), three-dimensional multidimensional scaling (MDS), and a new method to baraminic studies -principal component analysis (PCA) -were applied to 18 character matrices from 2004. The data included saurischian and ornithischian dinosaur groups including (1) "basal" Saurischia, (2) Ceratosauria (including Coelophysidae), (3) "basal" Tetanurae, (4) Tyrannosauroidea, (5) "Prosauropoda", (6) Sauropoda, (7) Maniraptoriformes, (8) Therizinosauroidea, and (9) Oviraptorosauria. The ornithischians included (10) "basal" Thyreophora, (11) Stegosauria, (12) Ankylosauria, (13) "basal" Ornithopoda, (14) "basal" Iguanodontia, (15) Hadrosauridae, (16) Pachycephalosauria, (17) "basal" Ceratopsia, and (18) Ceratopsidae. BDC and MDS revealed several potential holobaramins and apobaramins, and PCA identified some divisions not recognized by the traditional methods, but since the datasets are 14 years old, many important taxa are missing.As a result, we performed PCA on 19 newer datasets (from 2009 to 2018) and compared the results, which revealed a substantially clearer picture since only 2004. Dinosaur group ordinations commonly occur within morphospatial clusters or linear series. Holobaramins were revealed mainly as closely-spaced morphospatial series of taxa. Some series were additionally stratomorphic. Assuming holobaramins are discontinuity-bounded morphospatial series of taxa, we estimate 27 potential holobaramins within the newer data. PCA revealed that bird-dinosaur morphospatial relationships vary by dataset. Paravians likely contain two branching morphoseries, connected at the base by dromaeosaurs and avialans. The two morphoseries are functional/ecological, rather than evolutionary. Multivariate analysis offers the potential to improve our understanding of baramins and discontinuity, and provide a new perspective on questions in creation systematics such as bird-dinosaur relationships.

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“…The theropod component of this fauna is particularly well known, in contrast to other parts of the world, where the delicate bones of theropods are rarely preserved [ 8 , 9 ]. From the Nemegt Formation alone, a diverse assemblage of alvarezsaurids [ 10 ], dromaeosaurs [ 11 ], ornithomimids [ 12 , 13 ], oviraptorosaurs [ 14 , 15 ], therizinosaurs [ 16 ], troodontids [ 17 ], and tyrannosaurs [ 18 , 19 ] is known, comprising nearly 250 associated skeletons [ 7 , 20 ]. Whereas tyrannosaurs and ornithomimids form the bulk of the collected specimens, the oviraptorosaurs are the most diverse component of the fauna, known from at least nine genera [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A partial oviraptorosaur skeleton suggests low caenagnathid diversity in the Late Cretaceous Nemegt Formation of Mongolia

et al. 2021

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The Nemegt Formation of the Gobi Desert of Mongolia has produced one of the most abundant and diverse oviraptorosaur records globally. However, the caenagnathid component of this fauna remains poorly known. Two caenagnathid taxa are currently recognized from the Nemegt Formation: Elmisaurus rarus and Nomingia gobiensis. Because these taxa are known from mostly non-overlapping material, there are concerns that they could represent the same animal. A partial, weathered caenagnathid skeleton discovered adjacent to the holotype quarry of Nomingia gobiensis is referable to Elmisaurus rarus, revealing more of the morphology of the cranium, mandible, pectoral girdle, and pubis. Despite metatarsals clearly exhibiting autapomorphies of Elmisaurus rarus, overlapping elements are identical to those of Nomingia gobiensis, and add to a growing body of evidence that these taxa represent a single morphotype. In the absence of any positive evidence for two caenagnathid taxa in the Nemegt Formation, Nomingia gobiensis is best regarded as a junior synonym of Elmisaurus rarus. Low caenagnathid diversity in the Nemegt Formation may reflect broader coexistence patterns with other oviraptorosaur families, particularly oviraptorids. In contrast to North America, competition with the exceptionally diverse oviraptorids may have restricted caenagnathids to marginal roles in Late Cretaceous Asian ecosystems.

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Ornithomimosaurs from the Nemegt Formation of Mongolia: manus morphological variation and diversity

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Large-bodied ornithomimosaurs inhabited Appalachia during the Late Cretaceous of North America

Large-bodied ornithomimosaurs inhabited Appalachia during the Late Cretaceous of North America

The Dinosauria: Baraminological and multivariate patterns

A partial oviraptorosaur skeleton suggests low caenagnathid diversity in the Late Cretaceous Nemegt Formation of Mongolia

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