Origins and functions of phagocytes in the embryo

Lichanska, Agnieszka M.; Hume, David

doi:10.1016/s0301-472x(00)00157-0

Cited by 139 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…The first macrophage-like cells with an ameboid shape appear in the rodent neuroepithelium as early as day 8.5-10 of embryogenesis (Ashwell, 1990(Ashwell, ,1991Chan et al, 2007) independent of a developed circulatory system (Kurz and Christ, 1998). At this early time point, the first immature macrophages can already be found in the yolk sac (Takahashi et al, 1996) and may be the precursors of microglial cells (Alliot et al, 1999), which then develop through a nonmonocyte pathway (Lichanska and Hume, 2000;Takahashi et al, 1996). At embryonic stage 13.5, when the fetal liver is the primary hematopoietic organ and the main site of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) expansion and differentiation (Lichanska and Hume, 2000), microglial precursors can be detected in significant numbers within the ventricular lining of the fourth ventricle (Chan et al, 2007).…”

Section: One Side Of the Coin: Embryonic Microgliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microglia in the CNS: Immigrants from another world

Prinz

Mildner

2010

Glia

207

159

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Microglia are immunocompetent cells of the brain that continuously survey their environment with highly motile extensions. Although first described almost a century ago, the developmental origin of microglia is still debated. Besides early myeolomonocytic cell populations that colonize the developing neuroectoderm already during embryogenesis, newly migrated myeloid cells are considered important disease modulators in the adult brain. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of myeloid cell recruitment from the periphery and their development into bone marrow-derived phagocytes in the adult brain is pivotal for manipulating immune cell entry into the CNS and potentially reducing disease burden. A major question is whether bone marrow-derived mononuclear phagocytes have similar features and fates as their endogenous counterparts. Significant advances in our understanding of microglia biology under physiological as well as under pathological conditions have been made in the last few years, especially by combining novel gene-targeting techniques that allow cell manipulation and trafficking analysis. These new aspects will be discussed in the present review. V V C

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Section: One Side Of the Coin: Embryonic Microgliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microglia in the CNS: Immigrants from another world

Prinz

Mildner

2010

Glia

207

159

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“…The developmental biology of the macrophage lineage has been recently reviewed in this journal [46] and will be discussed only briefly here. The first macrophage cells identified in the mouse embryo are visible as clusters of free ameboid cells with distinct nucleoli in the yolk sac between E9 and 9.5 [47].…”

Section: Multiple Myeloid Lineages Originate and Expand In The Yolk Sacmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yolk-sac hematopoiesis

Palis

Yöder

2001

Experimental Hematology

379

272

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Objective. To review the process of blood-cell formation in the murine and human yolk sac. Data Sources. Most articles were selected from the PubMed database. Data Synthesis. The yolk sac is the first site of blood-cell production during murine and human ontogeny. Primitive erythroid cells originate in the yolk sac and complete their maturation, including enucleation, in the bloodstream. Though species differences exist, the pattern of hematopoietic progenitor cell emergence in the yolk sac is similar in mouse and man. In both species, there is a stage of development where both primitive red blood cells and definitive erythroid progenitors are produced in the yolk sac. An "embryonic" hematopoietic stem cell that engrafts in myeloablated newborn but not adult mice can be detected in the murine yolk sac and embryo. Stem-cell activity in the human yolk sac has not been reported. Conclusions. The yolk sac is the sole site of embryonic erythropoiesis. However, definitive erythroid, myeloid, and multipotential progenitors also originate in the yolk sac. The relationship between these progenitors and the "embryonic" hematopoietic stem cell has not been elucidated. Yolk sac-derived progenitor cells may seed the developing liver via the circulation and serve as the immediate source of the mature blood cells that are required to meet the metabolic needs of the rapidly growing fetus.

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“…1,2 Almost all developing organs contain a population of resident monocytes that infiltrate very early during organogenesis and persist throughout adult life. [3][4][5][6] In addition to their phagocytic capabilities during tissue remodeling-associated apoptosis, 5,7 fetal macrophages have many trophic effects that promote tissue and organ growth. 6,8,9 Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1 controls the differentiation, proliferation, and survival of macrophages by binding to a high-affinity cell-surface tyrosine kinase receptor (CSF-1R), encoded by the c-fms proto-oncogene that is expressed on macrophages and their progenitors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Promotes Kidney Growth and Repair via Alteration of Macrophage Responses

Alikhan

Jones

Williams

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Pathology

130

134

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Colony-stimulating factor (CSF)-1 controls the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of macrophages, which are recognized as scavengers and agents of the innate and the acquired immune systems. Because of their plasticity, macrophages are endowed with many other essential roles during development and tissue homeostasis. We present evidence that CSF-1 plays an important trophic role in postnatal organ growth and kidney repair. Notably, the injection of CSF-1 postnatally enhanced kidney weight and volume and was associated with increased numbers of tissue macrophages. Moreover, CSF-1 promotes postnatal renal repair in mice after ischemia-reperfusion injury by recruiting and influencing macrophages toward a reparative state. CSF-1 treatment rapidly accelerated renal repair with tubular epithelial cell replacement, attenuation of interstitial fibrosis, and functional recovery. Analysis of macrophages from CSF-1-treated kidneys showed increased expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 and anti-inflammatory genes that are known CSF-1 targets. Taken together, these data suggest that CSF-1 is important in kidney growth and the promotion of endogenous repair and resolution of inflammatory injury.

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Origins and functions of phagocytes in the embryo

Cited by 139 publications

References 152 publications

Microglia in the CNS: Immigrants from another world

Microglia in the CNS: Immigrants from another world

Yolk-sac hematopoiesis

Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Promotes Kidney Growth and Repair via Alteration of Macrophage Responses

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