Origins and Effects of Spartina Wrack in a Virginia Salt Marsh

Reidenbaugh, Thomas G.; Banta, William C.

doi:10.18785/grr.0604.07

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Áreas de S. densiflora queimadas na Argentina aumentaram o número de espécies, favorecido pela diminuição da cobertura-abundância das plantas perenes dominantes (Madanes et al 2007). Isacch et al (2004) e Madanes et al (2007) A deposição do material sobre a vegetação dominante das marismas resulta, na maioria das vezes, na morte das plantas dominantes e conseqüente abertura de brechas (Reidenbaugh & Banta 1980, Adam 1990, sendo geralmente colonizadas por plantas oportunistas, incomuns nas áreas naturais não perturbadas (Bertness & Ellison 1987, Bertness 1999. O processo de recuperação da cobertura vegetal pelas espécies dominantes ocorre entre 1 a 3 anos após a perturbação, através dos rizomas vindos das margens da brecha ou pela germinação de sementes (Bertness & Ellison 1987, Azevedo 2000.…”

Section: Fogounclassified

Diagnóstico ambiental das marismas no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos - RS

Marangoni¹,

Costa²

2009

Atlântica

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RESUMOAs marismas no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos vem sendo suprimidas desde o século XIX pela expansão urbana, portuária e industrial, entretanto, nos últimos 53 anos perdas de área foram causadas principalmente por processo natural (erosão). As atividades antrópicas no entorno das marismas vem causando modificações na cobertura vegetal, afetando processos biológicos e ecológicos. Este estudo visou identificar e quantificar os efeitos adversos das perturbações de origem antrópica (pastejo, fogo, corte da vegetação, lixo, construção de aterros e canais de drenagem) e de origem natural (erosão) sobre as marismas. As perturbações antrópicas e erosão foram quantificadas em intensidade e extensão, avaliadas através de transeções aleatórias. As marismas no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos apresentam algum tipo de perturbação que afetam a vegetação com baixa intensidade e moderada extensão (10-50 m). Das 23 unidades de marismas avaliadas foi possível detectar 4 grupos de unidades sob dominância de perturbações causadas pela agropecuária (11 unidades-pastejo), atividade urbana (5 unidades-lixo), fogo (4 unidades) e erosão (3 unidades). As marismas demonstram uma boa taxa de recuperação da cobertura vegetal (3 anos) após as perturbações, fazendo com que este ecossistema seja resiliente frente aos impactos ambientais avaliados (pastejo, fogo, lixo e corte da vegetação). PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Marismas, diagnóstico ambiental, atividades antrópicas, erosão ABSTRACT Environmental Assessment of saltmarshes at Patos Lagoon Estuary -RS Saltmarshes in Patos Lagoon Estuary have been converted since XIX century due to urban, port and industrial expansion, however in the last 53 years losses of saltmarshes were caused mainly by natural process (erosion). Biological and ecological processes in saltmarshes have been modified by anthropogenic activities, so this study aimed to identify and quantify the anthropogenic (grazing, fire, harvesting, litter, embankments, and man-made channels) and natural disturbances (erosion) on saltmarshes. Anthropogenic disturbances and erosion were quantified in intensity and spatial extension, evaluated through random transects. Saltmarshes showed some types of disturbance (anthropogenic and/or erosion) with low intensity and moderate extension (10-50 m). There are 23 saltmarsh units at Patos Lagoon Estuary, and it was possible to detect 4 main groups of units under different disturbances, caused by farming and ranching (11 unit-grazing), urban activities (5 unit-litter), fire (4 units), and erosion (3 units). Saltmarsh plants have showed good resilience by fast recovering (3 years) after anthropogenic disturbances (grazing, fire, litter and harvesting). KEY-WORDS:Saltmarshes, environmental assessment, anthropogenic activities, erosion INTRODUÇÃOAs marismas ocupam 70km 2 de áreas entremarés nas margens e ilhas no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos (RS) (Costa & Davy 1992, Nogueira & Costa 2003, Marangoni 2008. Este ecossistema oferece abrigo e hábitats para várias espécies de animais estuarinos e costeiros, sendo sua prod...

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Section: Fogounclassified

Diagnóstico ambiental das marismas no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos - RS

Marangoni¹,

Costa²

2009

Atlântica

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“…Tidal advances flood lower elevations of the marsh through a network of tidal creeks and occasionally deposit floating wracks of dead vegetation on the marsh surface. Wrack deposition occurs more frequently on creek shores, where it can cause vegetation diebacks (Reidenbaugh & Banta 1983) and reduce vegetation biomass (Tolley & Christian 1999). Additionally, tidal currents disrupt vegetation by bending and completely submerging plant stems growing along the channel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential bait preference and rate of attraction by Argentine ants (Linepithema humileMayr) at freshwater and saltwater marsh sites in southern California

Moore

Tansuwan

Carmona-Galindo

2013

BIOS

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“…This is a juvenile marsh (according to the classification of Redfield 1972), dominated by tall and medium growth form Spartina (to about 2.0 m), on generally unidirectionally sloping substrate from bay to upland, with no mature tidal creeks (described in Reidenbaugh and Banta 1980;Reidenbaugh, in press). Tidal data at the site have been estimated from a series of tide staff observations compared to a tide gauge record from Mosquito Creek, Virginia, 8 km away (Reidenbaugh 1978).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevational Variations in the Lowest Limit of Spartina Colonization in a Virginia Salt Marsh

Reidenbaugh

Banta²,

Mendoza³

et al. 1982

GCR

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Elevations of lowest colonization of smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora, were surveyed along the edge of a juvenile salt marsh at Wallops Island, Virginia. This bwest limit of Sparrina varied over one-third of the local mean tidal range, with lowest occurrences between mean low water and mean low water neaps. Four geographical factors appeared to influence the lowest limit of Spartinu: (1) tidal scouring in areas whcre tidal channels were constricted, (2) scalloping of the marsh edge over a sloping substrate, (3) patterns of historical development of the marsh, and (4) ice scouring of previously colonized Sparrinu over winter. Marsh edge scallops occurred only in areas of former Spartina thatch islands, and probably resulted from lateral spreading of those islands.

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Origins and Effects of Spartina Wrack in a Virginia Salt Marsh

Cited by 39 publications

References 12 publications

Diagnóstico ambiental das marismas no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos - RS

Diagnóstico ambiental das marismas no estuário da Lagoa dos Patos - RS

Differential bait preference and rate of attraction by Argentine ants (Linepithema humileMayr) at freshwater and saltwater marsh sites in southern California

Elevational Variations in the Lowest Limit of Spartina Colonization in a Virginia Salt Marsh

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