Origins, admixture and founder lineages in European Roma

Martínez‐Cruz, Begoña; Mendizabal, Isabel; Harmant, Christine; Pablo, Rosario de; Ioana, Mihai; Angelicheva, Dora; Kouvatsi, Anastasia; Makukh, Halyna; Netea, Mihai G.; Pamjav, Horolma; Zalán, Andrea; Tournev, Ivailo; Marushiaková, Elena; Popov, Vesselin; Bertranpetit, Jaume; Kalaydjieva, Luba; Quintana-Murci, Lluı́s; Comas, David

doi:10.1038/ejhg.2015.201

Cited by 53 publications

(83 citation statements)

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“…effects beyond increased susceptibilities to some rare health conditions (e.g. Diószegi et al 2017;Fiatal et al 2016;Iovita et al 2004;Kalaydjieva et al 2001;Martinez-Cruz et al 2016;Pikó et al 2017;Szalai et al 2014). This is in line with findings on other ethnic disparities in indicating complex reproductive segregation patterns faced by minority ethnic groups (Bhopal 2015;Dressler et al 2005;Smith 2000).…”

Section: Figure 12 Health Indicators For Roma and The General Populasupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Accordingly, and alike for other ethnic health-disparities (Diez Roux 2012; Dressler et al 2005), the insignificance of genetic influences behind poor Roma health status has been confirmed empirically. The only genetic susceptibilities identified in Roma are higher frequencies of a handful of gene-alleles causing rare diseases, peaking in some localities due to total social (reproductive) segregation from neighbouring Chapter 7 populations (Diószegi et al 2017;Fiatal et al 2016;Kalaydjieva et al 2001;Martinez-Cruz et al 2016). Let's emphasize that this is despite a previous disproportionate focus of research specifically on possible genetic influences (Hajioff and McKee 2000;Zeman et al 2003).…”

Section: Why Should Genes Come Last?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite their shared common ancient ancestry on the Indian subcontinent (Iovita et al 2004), Roma subgroups show much greater variability in most tangible aspects, including e.g. their ethnonyms and mother tongues (Bakker 2012;Matras 2002), social organizations, customs, mutual relations (Marushiakova et al 2001;Tcherenkov et al 2004) and genes (Iovita et al 2004;Martinez-Cruz et al 2016), than subgroups of other ethnically defined European groups (such as the Dutch or the Slovaks). However, in their home countries the varied Roma subgroups constitute national Roma minorities, which alike occupy the lowest societal positions (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The health of segregated Roma: first-line views and practices: a case study in Slovakia using ethnographic methods

Belák¹

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Segregated Roma are also being oppressed through their self-exclusionary hopes and tastes. Chapter 3 of this thesis 2. Pushed and pulled towards the so-called margins, most segregated Roma become skilled at escaping the relative disadvantages of life standard in the so-called centers. Chapter 4 of this thesis 3. Many people who happen to serve segregated Roma feel that such position gradually forces them to choose between useless burnout and cynical neglect. Chapter 5 of this thesis 4. Trusting segregated Roma with more decision power and resources causes many of them to challenge the local structures that oppress them. Chapter 6 of this thesis 5. It would require a rather explicit selection process to make any risky genes concentrate in any Roma group-much more selective than Roma history could lead to. Chapter 7 of this thesis 6. Antigypsyism drives the poor health status of the Roma, mostly because most people involved, including segregated Roma, do not understand that it is so. Discussion of this thesis 7. We cannot claim to have formulated a convincing denial of the inequality of the human races, so long as we fail to consider the problem of the inequality-or diversity-of human cultures, which is in fact-however unjustifiably-closely associated with it in the public mind. Claude Levi-Strauss 8. We're all going to die, all of us, what a circus! That alone should make us love each other but it doesn't. We are terrorized and flattened by trivialities, we are eaten up by nothing. Charles Bukowski 9. We live in a world where we have to hide to make love, while violence is practiced in broad daylight. John Lennon 10. We are lost, but other animals point to the right road. They are the right road.

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Section: Figure 12 Health Indicators For Roma and The General Populasupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Why Should Genes Come Last?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The health of segregated Roma: first-line views and practices: a case study in Slovakia using ethnographic methods

Belák¹

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“…After settled in the Balkans, this initial population fragmented and dispersed throughout Europe resulting in the mixture of their genomes with those of various European ethnic groups, including Hungarians. Despite the fact that today's Hungarian Gypsies have genetic variants typical of India and Europe, the two populations fundamentally differ from each other in their genetic architectures [4,5]. Recent genetic epidemiological studies also indicated significant genetic differences between the Hungarian general (HG) and Hungarian Roma (HR) populations [6,7,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Penetrance of Obesity-Associated Susceptibility Alleles in the Hungarian General and Roma Populations

et al. 2017

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Aims: The aim of our study was to explore differences in genetic predisposition to obesity between the Hungarian general and Roma populations. Methods: A total of 1,152 samples from the Hungarian Roma population and 1,743 samples from the Hungarian general population were genotyped for 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the risk of obesity. Two types of multilocus genetic risk scores were constructed to estimate the combined effect of selected SNPs. Results: Risk allele frequencies differed significantly between the two populations for 11 SNPs, with no enrichment in any of the two study groups. Variants (rs1558902, rs1121980, rs9939609, and rs9941349) in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene exhibited strong but ethnicity-independent association with obesity. Genetic risk scores showed stronger associations with obesity in the Roma population compared with the Hungarian general population; however, without significant gene-population interaction. Conclusion: Differences in obesity prevalence between the Hungarian general and Hungarian Roma populations could not be explained by their distinct genetic susceptibility, rather by ethnicity-related environmental and behavioral factors. Nonetheless, particular gene-environment interactions might contribute to the distinct penetrance of the obesity-associated genetic factors in populations of different ethnic backgrounds.

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“…Paralelamente observamos que en la muestra analizada un 15% de los cromosomas Y (9 voluntarios) pertenecen al linaje R1b, que como se ha expuesto anteriormente es típico de poblaciones de la Europa Occidental. Este linaje R1b es el más frecuente en la población no gitana de la península (alrededor del 70% de los españoles no gitanos presentan este linaje) y su presencia en la muestra gitana puede explicarse por la mezcla en la península con individuos no gitanos (Martínez-Cruz et al 2016).…”

Section: Clasificación De Los Linajes De Los Cromosomas Y Por Origen unclassified

Identidad y Origen del Pueblo Gitano.

Cortés¹,

Martínez

Mesa³

2019

IJRS

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This article, Origin and Identity of the Roma People, is a research project in which it has tried to answer the question: What is it like or what it is to be a Roma? For this, an interdisciplinary way has been used, on the one hand, with a biological investigation through DNA extracted from saliva samples collected from Roma throughout the Spanish territory (more than 150 volunteers) in order to know what the geographical origin of the Roma people of Spain. On the other hand, from a sociological and anthropological perspective to analyse the cultural and identity aspects of the Roma people through 22 interviews and compare them with the results from the analysis of saliva samples. The first results from the study of the DNA of the Roma of the Iberian Peninsula show that the Roma population has also been influenced by the populations of the territory where they have inhabited, from their origin in India, passing through the Balkans and Eastern Europe, until arriving to the Iberian Peninsula, which tells us about a huge diversity, diversity that is corroborated through the interviews analysed in this research, since it is clear that there is no single and infallible way to be a Roma; so there is no doubt that diversity is an essential feature of a transnational people like the Roma people.

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Origins, admixture and founder lineages in European Roma

Cited by 53 publications

References 42 publications

The health of segregated Roma: first-line views and practices: a case study in Slovakia using ethnographic methods

The health of segregated Roma: first-line views and practices: a case study in Slovakia using ethnographic methods

Distinct Penetrance of Obesity-Associated Susceptibility Alleles in the Hungarian General and Roma Populations

Identidad y Origen del Pueblo Gitano.

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