Original Articles

Konishi, Yoshiaki; Endo, Ginji; Kiyota, Atsuhiko; Horiguchi, Shun’ichi

doi:10.2486/indhealth.32.119

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…However, unchanged UA concentrations in lead smelter workers (PbB = 46.6 μg/dl) were reported by Roels et al (21). Similarly, Konishi et al (22) found no association between UA and blood lead levels in leadexposed workers (PbB = 3.9-107.7 μg/dl). These results are consistent with those of Weaver et al (23) who also observed no association between blood lead levels and uric acid, after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and alcohol use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

The Effect of Occupational Exposure to Lead on the Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant System

Dobrakowski¹,

Zalejska–Fiolka²,

Wielkoszyński³

et al. 2014

Med Pr

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Background: The role of non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as uric acid, albumin, bilirubin, and α-tocopherol, in lead poisoning remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of the study was to explore the association between occupational exposure to lead and nonenzymatic antioxidant concentrations in serum and plasma. Material and Methods: The study population consisted of 278 healthy male employees of lead-zinc plants, with 129 workers classified as having low lead exposure (blood lead level -PbB = 20-39.9 μg/dl) and 149 workers classified as having high lead exposure (PbB = 40-59.8 μg/dl). The control group was composed of 73 healthy male administrative workers. No one from this group had blood lead level or zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) level greater than normal levels, being 10 μg/dl and 2.5 μg/g of hemoglobin, respectively. In addition to the levels of PbB and ZPP, serum levels of uric acid (UA), albumin, thiol groups of albumin, and bilirubin were determined. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and the plasma level of α-tocopherol were also evaluated. Results: Lead exposure indices were significantly elevated in the examined subgroups as compared with the controls. Serum uric acid levels were significantly elevated in both subgroups, particularly in the group with high exposure. Serum bilirubin concentration was significantly elevated in the group with high exposure compared with the control group, while in the group with low exposure, it showed only a non-significant trend towards an increase. In contrast, ferric-reducing ability of plasma was not significantly greater in the examined subgroups as compared with the control group. Nevertheless, levels of albumin, thiol groups of albumin, and α-tocopherol levels were significantly decreased in the exposed subgroups compared with the control group. Conclusions: Occupational exposure to lead interferes with the blood non-enzymatic antioxidant system. Med Pr 2014;65(4): [443][444][445][446][447][448][449][450][451]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

The Effect of Occupational Exposure to Lead on the Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant System

Dobrakowski¹,

Zalejska–Fiolka²,

Wielkoszyński³

et al. 2014

Med Pr

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“…Similarly, a study on workers chronically exposed to high doses of lead reported same results (PbB = 80.9 μg/dl). However, there are human studies showing no association between lead exposure and uric acid levels (Konishi et al 1994; Roels et al 1994). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between subchronic and chronic lead exposure and levels of antioxidants and chemokines

Dobrakowski

Kasperczyk

Pawlas

et al. 2016

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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PurposeThis study aimed to compare the influence of lead on the non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses and the levels of chemokines in workers subchronically and chronically exposed to lead.MethodsThe study population was divided into three groups. The first group consisted of male workers subchronically exposed to lead for 40 ± 3.2 days, while the second group included male workers chronically exposed to lead. The third group was a control group.ResultsThe levels of uric acid and bilirubin were significantly higher after a subchronic exposure to lead compared to the baseline by 22 and 35 %, respectively. Similarly, the values of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) increased by 15, 50, and 33 %, respectively. At the same time, the levels of thiol groups and albumin decreased by 5 and 8 %, respectively. Additionally, the levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β) were significantly higher after a subchronic exposure to lead compared to the baseline by 34 and 20 %, respectively. Moreover, IL-8 level was significantly higher by 40 % in the group of workers chronically exposed to lead than in the control group, while the level of interferon gamma-induced protein-10 (IP-10) was significantly lower by 28 %.ConclusionsSimilar to chronic lead exposure, subchronic exposure to lead is associated with elevated blood levels of uric acid and bilirubin in humans. This probably results in increased TAC value despite thiol depletion. However, the compensatory activation of non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses seems to be insufficient to protect against lead-induced oxidative stress, which may be additively enhanced by the pro-inflammatory action of chemokines, especially IL-8.

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Lead-related nephrotoxicity: A review of the epidemiologic evidence

Ekong

Jaar

Weaver

2006

Kidney International

303

211

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a major global public health concern. Efforts to prevent and/or slow progression of CKD are essential. Lead nephropathy, characterized by chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, is a well-known risk of chronic, high-level lead exposure. However, in recent years, lead exposure has declined sharply, particularly in developed countries. We reviewed epidemiologic research in general, occupational, and patient populations to assess whether lead, at current exposure levels, still contributes to nephrotoxicity. Other pertinent topics, such as risk in children, genetic susceptibility, and co-exposure to cadmium, are also considered. The data reviewed indicate that lead contributes to nephrotoxicity, even at blood lead levels below 5 microg/dl. This is particularly true in susceptible populations, such as those with hypertension (HTN), diabetes, and/or CKD. Low socioeconomic status is a risk factor for both lead exposure and diseases that increase susceptibility. Future public health risk for lead-related nephrotoxicity may be most significant in those rapidly developing countries where risk factors for CKD, including obesity and secondary HTN and diabetes mellitus, are increasing more rapidly than lead exposure is declining. Global efforts to reduce lead exposure remain important. Research is also needed to determine whether specific therapies, such as chelation, are beneficial in susceptible populations.

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Original Articles

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The Effect of Occupational Exposure to Lead on the Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant System

The Effect of Occupational Exposure to Lead on the Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant System

Association between subchronic and chronic lead exposure and levels of antioxidants and chemokines

Lead-related nephrotoxicity: A review of the epidemiologic evidence

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