ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Suppression of Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity in Postpartum Women

Groër, Maureen; El‐Badri, Nagwa; Djeu, Julie Y.; Harrington, Monalisa; Eepoel, Jeanne Van

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0897.2009.00788.x

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…In the present study NK activity was measured using flow cytometry and FITC-or CFDA-labeled K562 target cells. According to the present results, no difference in cytotoxicity was observed between MPB and CB samples, in contrast to studies that reported suppression of NK cell cytotoxicity in postpartum women [48]. The same suppression pattern was observed in NK cells from premature infants, as compared to those from full-term infants [49][50][51], indicating that not only the number, but also the function differs according to the type of delivery.…”

Section: Akdeniz Et Al Differences In Cord Bloodcontrasting

confidence: 55%

Differences in lymphocyte subpopulation count and function in cord, maternal and adult blood

Akdeniz¹,

Aktaş²,

Erten³

et al. 2011

Turk J Hematol

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Objective: Phenotypical characterization and functional activity of lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells in cord blood (CB) were investigated, and maternal peripheral blood (MPB) values were compared to those of adult peripheral blood (APB) (control). Materials and Methods: To determine cytotoxic activity target cells (K562) were labeled with carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA) or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and propidium iodide (PI) was used to label dead cells. Cell surface expression in CB, APB, and MPB cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Results: CB and MPB mononuclear cells had similar CD45, CD34, CD4, and surface molecule for T helper cell expression, but had low-level expression of total T-lymphocyte surface molecules CD3 and CD8. CD19 and HLA-DR expression was higher in CB than in MPB. The same high-level of expression for CD19 and HLA-DR was observed in APB, as compared to MPB. All other cell surface expressions were similar in APB and MPB samples. NK (CD16 + and CD56 + ) cells in CB was similar to that in MPB and APB, and the level of inhibitory KIR receptors in NK cells was higher in venous CB than in MPB and APB. The only difference between MPB and APB was that the CD158a level was higher in MPB. No difference was observed in NK cells in CB and MPB, in terms of cytotoxicity. Conclusion: The present results show that there was numerical and proportional variability of lymphocytes and their subgroups in CB and APB, but no cytological difference. (Turk J Hematol 2011; 28: 33-41) Key words: NK activity, cord blood lymphocytes, flow cytometry

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Section: Akdeniz Et Al Differences In Cord Bloodcontrasting

confidence: 55%

Differences in lymphocyte subpopulation count and function in cord, maternal and adult blood

Akdeniz¹,

Aktaş²,

Erten³

et al. 2011

Turk J Hematol

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“…Increased HIV-1 risk during pregnancy could reflect a higher frequency of unprotected sexual activity among women who become pregnant versus those who do not become pregnant or could be caused by biologic changes in pregnancy and the postpartum period, such as immunologic changes affecting both the adaptive and innate immune systems [20, 23], that may facilitate HIV-1 transmission. We found the risk for female-to-male transmission was statistically significant after adjustment for confounding factors and may thus primarily reflect biological changes of pregnancy that may increase HIV-1 infectiousness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased risk of HIV-1 transmission in pregnancy

Mugo

Heffron²,

Donnell

et al. 2011

Aids

219

140

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Background Physiologic and behavioral changes during pregnancy may alter HIV-1 susceptibility and infectiousness. Prospective studies exploring pregnancy and HIV-1 acquisition risk in women have found inconsistent results. No study has explored the effect of pregnancy on HIV-1 transmission risk from HIV-1 infected women to male partners. Methods In a prospective study of African HIV-1 serodiscordant couples, we evaluated the relationship between pregnancy and the risk of 1) HIV-1 acquisition among women and 2) HIV-1 transmission from women to men. Results 3321 HIV-1 serodiscordant couples were enrolled, 1085 (32.7%) with HIV-1 susceptible female partners and 2236 (67.3%) with susceptible male partners. HIV-1 incidence in women was 7.35 versus 3.01 per 100 person-years during pregnant and non-pregnant periods (hazard ratio [HR] 2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–4.09). This effect was attenuated and not statistically significant after adjusting for sexual behavior and other confounding factors (adjusted HR 1.71, 95% CI 0.93–3.12). HIV-1 incidence in male partners of infected women was 3.46 versus 1.58 per 100 person-years when their partners were pregnant versus not pregnant (HR 2.31, 95% CI 1.22–4.39). This effect was not attenuated in adjusted analysis (adjusted HR 2.47, 95% CI 1.26–4.85). Conclusions HIV-1 risk increased two-fold during pregnancy. Elevated risk of HIV-1 acquisition in pregnant women appeared in part to be explained by behavioral and other factors. This is the first study to show pregnancy increased the risk of female-to-male HIV-1 transmission, which may reflect biological changes of pregnancy that could increase HIV-1 infectiousness.

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“…In an earlier cross-sectional study of 200 women at 4-6 weeks postpartum, we found that the NK cell number was reduced compared to controls (Groer et al, 2005). With regard to NK functional activity, we previously reported that NK cytotoxicity was reduced through 6 postpartum months in a small sample of 39 women being measured in a larger study of postpartum immunity (the parent study; Groer, El-Badri, Djeu, Harrington, & Van Eepoel, 2010). We conceptualized this reduced NK cytotoxicity in the postpartum period to be a continuation of pregnancy-induced NK cytotoxicity suppression, proposing that it could possibly facilitate tolerization of fetal microchimeric cells to survive and establish themselves in tissue niches (Groer, Manion, Szekeres, & El-Badri, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Without this IL-2 preincubation, the cytotoxicity of these postpartum NK cell cultures was extremely low or nonexistent. The PBMCs were then cocultured the next day with 100 mg of CiCr 51 -labeled K562 cells for 5 hr for the NKCA, as reported previously (Groer et al, 2010). NK cytotoxicity data are reported as LUs or as percentage cytotoxicity at the 50:1 effector:target (E: T) ratio depending on the experiment.…”

Section: Assessments and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity in Postpartum Women

Groër

El‐Badri

Djeu

et al. 2013

Biological Research For Nursing

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Little is known about the recovery of the immune system from normal pregnancy and whether the postpartum period is a uniquely adapted immune state. This report extends previous observations from our group of decreased natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity in the postpartum period. NK cytotoxicity was measured from 1 week through 9 months postpartum. In addition, NK cytotoxicity was assayed in the presence or absence of pooled plasmas collected from either postpartum or nonpostpartum women. Samples of cells were stained for inhibitory receptors and analyzed by flow cytometry. NK cytotoxicity remained decreased in postpartum women compared to controls through the first 6 postpartum months, returned to normal levels by 9 months and remained normal at 12 months. NK cytotoxicity during the first 6 months was further inhibited by the addition of pooled plasma to NK cultures from postpartum women, but the addition of pooled plasma from the control group did not affect that group’s NK cultures. There were differences in inhibitory receptor staining between the two groups, with decreased CD158a and CD158b and increased NKG2A expression on postpartum NK cells during the first 3 postpartum months. These data suggest that NK cytotoxicity postpartum inhibition lasts 6 months and is influenced by unidentified postpartum plasma components. The effect may also involve receptors on NK cells.

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Suppression of Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity in Postpartum Women

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Differences in lymphocyte subpopulation count and function in cord, maternal and adult blood

Differences in lymphocyte subpopulation count and function in cord, maternal and adult blood

Increased risk of HIV-1 transmission in pregnancy

Suppression of Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity in Postpartum Women

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