Origin, synchronization, and propagation of sleep slow waves in children

Castelnovo, Anna; Lividini, Althea; Riedner, Brady A.; Avvenuti, Giulia; Jones, Stephanie G.; Miano, Silvia; Tononi, Giulio; Manconi, Mauro; Bernardi, Giulio

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120133

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Previous work demonstrated that the propagation of slow waves at cortical level depends on the integrity of cortico-cortical connections 23 . During development, the distance traveled by slow waves appears to increase as a function of age 33,34,74 , reflecting the process of fiber myelination and the maturation of white-matter connectivity 33,72,75 . In fact, while local, short-range connections appear to predominate in children, brain maturation leads to the establishment of a more distributed, long-range connectivity pattern 76 .…”

Section: Involvement Of Dmn During Slow Waves Changes With Agementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This posterior-to-anterior shift has been suggested to mirror anatomo-functional changes related to brain maturation [26][27][28] -including synaptic pruning and redistribution 29,30 -, and the acquisition of specific cognitive and behavioral skills 31,32 . Moreover, slow-wave spread and traveling distance increase from childhood to adulthood, likely reflecting the maturation of (long-range) anatomical wiring patterns 33,34 . Of note, though, the potential contribution of subcortical structures -and the thalamus, in particular -to maturational changes in the expression of human sleep slow waves has never been directly investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maturation-dependent changes in cortical and thalamic activity during slow waves of light sleep: insights from a combined EEG-fMRI study

Bergamo

Handjaras

Talami

et al. 2023

Preprint

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INTRODUCTION: Studies using scalp EEG have shown that slow waves (0.5-4 Hz), the most prominent hallmark of NREM sleep, undergo relevant changes from childhood to adulthood, mirroring brain structural modifications and the acquisition of cognitive skills. Here we used simultaneous EEG-fMRI to investigate the cortical and subcortical correlates of slow waves in school-age children and determine their relative developmental changes. METHODS: We analyzed data from 14 school-age children with self-limited focal epilepsy of childhood who fell asleep during EEG-fMRI recordings. Brain regions associated with slow-wave occurrence were identified using a voxel-wise regression that also modeled interictal epileptic discharges and sleep spindles. At the group level, a mixed-effects linear model was used. The results were qualitatively compared with those obtained from 2 adolescents with epilepsy and 17 healthy adults. RESULTS: Slow waves were associated with hemodynamic-signal decreases in bilateral somatomotor areas. Such changes extended more posteriorly relative to those in adults. Moreover, hemodynamic changes tended to become more coherent in areas belonging to the default mode network as a function of age. No significant hemodynamic responses were observed in subcortical structures. However, we identified a significant correlation between age and thalamic hemodynamic changes. CONCLUSIONS: Present findings indicate that the somatomotor cortex may have a key role in slow-wave expression throughout the lifespan. At the same time, they are consistent with a posterior-to-anterior shift in slow-wave distribution mirroring brain maturational changes. Finally, our results suggest that slow-wave changes may not reflect only neocortical modifications but also the maturation of subcortical structures, including the thalamus.

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