Origin of the Water-Clear Cell in the Parathyroid Gland of the Golden Hamster

Emura, S; Shoumura, Shízuko; Utsumi, Michiya; Yamahira, Tomo; Chen, H.; Arakawa, Michio; Isono, Hideo

doi:10.1159/000147082

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It has been suggested that water-clear cells may be transformed from the chief cells and that the vacuoles may be dilated Golgi or RER cisternae or swollen mitochondria (Roth, 1970). In the parathyroid of the golden hamster, Emura et al (1991) observed ribosomes on the surface of some vacuoles and suggested that they may be derived from cisternae of the RER. In the present work, electron microscopy of human glands has provided some interesting data regarding the origin of the vacuoles; several forms, intermediate between secretory granules and the typical vacuoles, have been identified.…”

Section: Primary Hyperparathyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of human parathyroid cells in health and disease

Cinti¹,

Sbarbati²

1995

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Parathyroid glands (n = 271) removed from 130 patients were examined by light and electron microscopy. A standardized method of tissue processing was employed and morphometry was performed. The aim of the paper is to provide a description of the human parathyroid chief cell ultrastructure in health and disease, with quantitative evaluation of structures involved in secretion of parathyroid hormone in a large case series, and to discuss their role in current diagnostic histopathology. The patients were euparathyroid (n = 10), or affected by primary (n = 97), secondary (n = 8), or tertiary (n = 15) hyperparathyroidism. In normal glands, solid parenchyma was composed of chief cells, large clear cells, transitional-oxyphil cells, and oxyphil cells. Chief cell hyperplasia, pseudo-adenomatous hyperplasia, adenoma, water-clear cell hyperplasia, and carcinoma were the most usual forms of parathyroid disease responsible for primary hyperparathyroidism. In chief cell hyperplasia, all the parathyroid glands were enlarged and the chief cells were in an active state of hormone secretion, with a large Golgi complex, abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), small lipid droplets, and tortuous plasma membrane. In pseudo-adenomatous hyperplasia, one gland was enlarged and the others displayed a normal size; however, electron microscopic examination and morphometric analysis showed that all the glands had active cells. Adenomas displayed a pattern similar to those of pseudo-adenomatous hyperplasia, with one gland enlarged and the others of normal size. However, ultrastructural examination and morphometry showed that the normal-size glands were hypo-active. Water-clear cell hyperplasia showed cells filled with cytoplasmic vacuoles. In these cells, structures with intermediate features between secretory granules and vacuoles were visible. Nucleo-cytoplasmic atypias were frequently visible in parathyroid carcinoma cells. In secondary and tertiary hyperplasia, active chief cells were regularly mixed with oxyphil or transitional-oxyphil cells. The tertiary hyperplasia was characterized by RER-associated structures that were not found in the normal or other pathological conditions. These results demonstrate that electron microscopy and morphometry represent useful tools in parathyroid histopathology.

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Section: Primary Hyperparathyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of human parathyroid cells in health and disease

Cinti¹,

Sbarbati²

1995

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…Our previous reports have demonstrated that the water-clear cell was occasionally observed in the parathyroid glands of golden hamsters of different ages (Emura et al, , 1991. In the water-clear cell which was occasionally observed in the parathyroid glands of the control adult ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…It has been demonstrated that the water-clear cell was absent in normal human (Altenahr, 1981;Isono et al, 1990) or other vertebrate parathyroid glands . However, Emura et al (1990Emura et al ( , 1991 indicated that water-clear cells were observed in the parathyroid glands of golden hamster.…”

Section: Starvationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Starvation on the Water-Clear Cell in the Golden Hamster Parathyroid Gland

Emura

Shoumura

Utsumi

et al. 1992

Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica

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“…They derive from chief cells and may be capable of PTH secretion. Water-clear cells have been found in immersion-fixed PT glands of golden hamsters (Emura et al, 1991). They also occur in rabbit PT glands fixed by immersion (Fig.…”

Section: Development Of Other Cell Typesmentioning

confidence: 76%

Mammalian parathyroids: Morphological and functional implications

Wild

Setoguti

1995

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Fixation with aldehydes is achieved either by immersion or perfusion. The parenchyma of parathyroid glands fixed by immersion consists of dark cells containing a lot of membranes of these organelles which are concerned with hormone secretion, light cells which are poor in these organelles, intermediate forms between the two, and multinuclear syncytial cells. They have been attributed to represent different functional stages of secretory activity, the dark cell being in an active form, the light cell in a resting form. Studies of the parathyroids of mice, rats, rabbits, cats, dogs, pigs, cattle, sheep, goats, and horses employing various fixation protocols clearly demonstrate that light cell variants and multinuclear syncytial cells are formed during improper immersion fixation as a result of membrane disintegration. Parathyroids fixed by perfusion or by immersion in an appropriate fixation medium comprise only one cell type which correspond to the dark chief cell. Parathyroid cells are polar cells bearing some of the rough endoplasmic reticulum in the basal pole, the rest of it, the Golgi complex, and secretory granules in the apical pole. The secretory product is released by exocytosis at the apicolateral domain of the plasma membrane into the intercellular space. Secretory activity can be altered experimentally, leading to drastic changes in the amount of cell membrane related to hormone synthesis, intracellular transport, exocytic release, and secretion coupled membrane retrieval. The sensitive reaction of parathyroid cells to both the mode of fixation and to fixation media demands careful evaluation of the fixation protocol. This and the polarity of parathyroid cells have to be borne in mind for estimating secretory activity on the basis of morphological criteria.

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Origin of the Water-Clear Cell in the Parathyroid Gland of the Golden Hamster

Abstract: Water-clear cells and transitional forms between the chief cells and water-clear cells were observed in the parathyroid gland of the golden hamster. Their ultrastructure is described, and the origin of the water-clear cell is discussed.

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Ultrastructure of human parathyroid cells in health and disease

Ultrastructure of human parathyroid cells in health and disease

Effects of Starvation on the Water-Clear Cell in the Golden Hamster Parathyroid Gland

Mammalian parathyroids: Morphological and functional implications

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