Origin of the prolactin-releasing hormone (PRLH) receptors: Evidence of coevolution between PRLH and a redundant neuropeptide Y receptor during vertebrate evolution

Ligand-mimicking Receptor Variant Discloses Binding and Activation Mode of Prolactin-releasing Peptide

“…However, further phylogenic investigations revealed that the PrPRR shares an ancient receptor with the NPY receptors (17). The human PrRPR possesses high sequence identity with the human NPY 2 R, particularly in the upper and middle regions of TMH4, TMH5, and TMH6.…”

“…The human PrRPR possesses high sequence identity with the human NPY 2 R, particularly in the upper and middle regions of TMH4, TMH5, and TMH6. It is suggested that the PrRPR family began co-evolving with ancestral PrRP/C-RF-amide peptide with a redundant NPY binding receptor (17). This explains the importance of the conserved Asp 6.59 residue and in turn might have been responsible for the development of a double binding mode for Arg 19 in the PrRPR/PrRP system.…”

“…The numbering of receptor residues has been performed as suggested by Ballesteros and Weinstein (16). PrRPR shares its phylogenic origin with Y receptors (17), leading to sequence similarities (Fig. 1A) and a number of conserved residues, including Asp 6.59 (Fig.…”

Coevolution between cannabinoid receptors and endocannabinoid ligands

“…Although TRPV1 orthologs are expressed by nematodes, fish, birds, reptiles, and mammals, TRPV1's affinity for AEA evolved only recently, within the mammalian lineage (McPartland et al, 2006). Ligands for PRLH receptors have expressed similar gains and losses in ligand affinity due to neofunctionalization of receptor subtypes after gene duplication events, and Lagerström et al (2005) used mirror-tree analysis, in part, to trace the origins of PRLH receptor-ligand coevolution.…”

The evolution of the ligand/receptor couple: A long road from comparative endocrinology to comparative genomics

“…This type of analysis is particularly useful when studying genes encoding short peptide hormones, which are often difficult to unambiguously identify at a large evolutionary scale. The recent analyses of the POMC/AGPR/MCR gene repertoire in fugu (Klovins et al, 2004) and the study of the origin and coevolution between NPY receptor and prolactin-releasing hormone-receptors in vertebrates (Lagerström et al, 2005), also show the utility of complementary use of data from phylogenetic analysis coupled with careful synteny analysis. The construction of the "gene rosace" diagram that visualizes the respective relationships between genes located in different regions facilitates this type of analysis (see Jaillon et al, 2004, for an explanatory illustration).…”