Origin of the Rhododendron kaempferi related species and cultivars estimated by SSR analysis

Yamamoto, S.; Nakamura, Takehiro; Koiwai, K.; Miyano, Masashi; Iizuka, Eisaku; Nakayama, Aki; Kurashige, Y.; Kobayashi, Nobuo; Handa, Takashi

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2019.1263.39

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In this study, three out of 8 Hannō-tsutsuji cultivars (R. × hannoense) had cpDNA of the R. ripense type. According to the phylogenetic tree of cluster analysis using SSR marker data, wild R. × hannoense was clustered with R. indicum, although R. × hannoense cultivars were in the subsection of Scabra species (Yamamoto et al, 2019). The genetic relationship of these cultivars with R. ripense or Ryukyu-tsutsuji (R. × mucronatum) showing they belong to the subsection Scabra was confirmed by the three cultivars having R. ripense type cpDNA.…”

Section: Fig 3 Pcr-rflp Band Patterns Of the Trn L-f Region Digested Bymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…After that, Belgian Indian hybrids were developed mainly in Belgium (Galle, 1987;Heursel, 1996). The genetic participation of wild azalea in the development of evergreen azalea cultivars has been investigated using DNA markers (De Riek et al, 2008;Kobayashi et al, 2000Kobayashi et al, , 2003Kobayashi et al, , 2007Kobayashi et al, , 2008Kobayashi et al, , 2017Miyano et al, 2013;Scariot et al, 2007;Yamamoto et al, 2019). However, the detailed ancestral relationship between Japanese wild species and traditional cultivars still has some unsettled issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contribution of the Rhododendron ripense Makino Chloroplast Genome to the Development of Evergreen Azalea Cultivars

et al. 2021

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Evergreen azalea is one of the most important ornamental shrubs and pot plants in temperate zones worldwide. In Japan, hundreds of azalea cultivars have been bred based on the genetic diversity of wild species and various accumulated mutants since the middle of the 17th century. Japanese cultivar groups such as Edo-kirishima, Kurume-tsutsuji, Ryūkyū-tsutsuji, Hirado-tsutsuji, and Satsuki have been developed by selection and crossing, and many cultivars have been exported to Western countries and utilized as breeding materials for pot and garden azalea. Rhododendron ripense Makino, which grows on riverside rocks and is endemic to Japan, is one of the best ornamental species because of its high adaptability to environmental conditions. We have focused on the genetic contribution of this wild species to evergreen azalea cultivars, and developed a PCR-RFLP identification marker of R. ripense cpDNA based on a species-specific sequence of the trn L-F region. The R. ripense cpDNA specific marker has been in Japanese large-flowered groups, all Ryūkyū and Ōkirishima cultivars, and half of all Hirado cultivars have the R. ripense cpDNA type. Most Japanese small flower cultivars, such as Edo-kirishima, Kurume and Satsuki have non-R. ripense type cpDNA. Italian large-flowered cultivars also tend to be the R. ripense cpDNA type. Furthermore, all pot azalea cultivars of the Indian and Simsii groups possess R. ripense type cpDNA. These results clarified the cytoplasmic contribution of R. ripense not only to Japanese large flower cultivars, but also to Western azalea cultivars. Although R. simsii has been considered to be the main ancestral species of pot azalea, R. ripense should be recognized as the cytoplasmic parent of these cultivars. The ornamental value and adaptive environmental trait originating from R. ripense should be reviewed to elucidate the development history of evergreen azalea cultivars.

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Section: Fig 3 Pcr-rflp Band Patterns Of the Trn L-f Region Digested Bymentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of the Rhododendron ripense Makino Chloroplast Genome to the Development of Evergreen Azalea Cultivars

et al. 2021

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“…3). In addition, previous SSR marker analyses showed that R. ripense and 14 cultivars of R. × mucronatum were clustered with 14 cultivars of R. × pulchrum (Yamamoto et al, 2019). Scariot et al (2007b) investigated the genetic relationship among evergreen azaleas using AFLP, SSR, and EST markers.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Relationship Of the F3'5'h Gene Among Wild Specmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Relationships Among Hirado azalea Cultivars and Their Putative Parents Inferred from Flavonoid 3', 5' Hydroxylase Gene Sequences

2021

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The putative parents of the Hirado azalea (Rhododendron × pulchrum) are R. scabrum, R. ripense, R. × mucronatum, and other related cultivars. Hirado azalea shows a wide range of flower color variation, but the genetic basis for this color variation is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the anthocyanin pathway gene, flavonoid 3', 5' hydroxylase (F3'5'H), by genomic DNA analysis, cDNA sequence analysis, and deduced amino acid sequences to assess the genetic relationships between these taxa, as well as investigating the genetic basis of color variation in this group. In R. scabrum and red and pink flowered Hirado azalea cultivars, in which delphinidin (Dp) derivatives are absent, only the exon 2 region was amplified using specific primers in a coding region (CDS) of the F3'5'H gene, except for exon 1, suggesting that the DNA structure of exon 1 is defective in these plants that lack Dp derivatives. On the other hand, R. ripense, R. macrosepalum, and R. yedoense var. poukhanense and R. × mucronatum 'Shiro-ryūkyū', with Dp derivatives have normal F3'5'H DNA gene structure. The lengths of the F3'5'H cDNA nucleotide sequences of these wild species were 1533 bp (510 AA), whereas in R. × mucronatum 'Shiro-ryūkyū', two different sequence lengths were observed-1533 and 1551 bp (510 and 516 AA). R. ripense, R. × mucronatum 'Shiro-ryūkyū', and four purple and white flowered Hirado azalea cultivars were grouped in the same cluster in the F3'5'H gene phylogeny. Among the four Hirado azalea cultivars, the lengths of F3'5'H in CDS were 1551 bp, which included a 5 bp insertion adjacent to the stop codon in 'Ademurasaki' and 'Hakuhō'. However, 'Hirado-no-homare' and 'Shirokujyaku' lacked this insertion and had 1533 bp CDS. When PCR was performed to distinguish the 5 bp insertion, the amplified product was found in some R. ripense individuals and R. × mucronatum 'Shiro-ryūkyū', but not in R. scabrum or R. macrosepalum. These results suggest that the wide range of flower color in Hirado azalea cultivars is caused by variation in the F3'5'H genotype derived from hybridization between R. scabrum and either R. ripense or R. × mucronatum 'Shiro-ryūkyū'.

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Origin of the Rhododendron kaempferi related species and cultivars estimated by SSR analysis

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Contribution of the <i>Rhododendron ripense</i> Makino Chloroplast Genome to the Development of Evergreen Azalea Cultivars

Contribution of the <i>Rhododendron ripense</i> Makino Chloroplast Genome to the Development of Evergreen Azalea Cultivars

Genetic Relationships Among Hirado azalea Cultivars and Their Putative Parents Inferred from Flavonoid 3', 5' Hydroxylase Gene Sequences

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