Origin of sputter damage during transparent conductive oxide deposition for semitransparent perovskite solar cells

Yang, Qing; Duan, Weiyuan; Eberst, Alexander; Klingebiel, Benjamin; Wang, Yueming; Kulkarni, Ashish; Lambertz, Andreas; Bittkau, Karsten; Zhang, Yongqiang; Vitusevich, Svetlana; Rau, Uwe; Kirchartz, Thomas; Ding, Kaining

doi:10.1039/d3ta06654a

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 69 publications

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“…As the thickness increases, the transmission and the FOM also increase up to 300 nm, and after that, the average transmission (T avg ) and FOM decrease primarily because of the reflection of the TCE layer. An increased thickness of the TCE layer provides a better FOM; however, one needs to be careful about possible sputter damage while optimizing the TCE layer on top of such a device stack . In the n-i-p structure, it is relatively forgiving due to the thicker layer of the spiro-MeOTAD HTL layer.…”

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confidence: 99%

4-T CdTe/Perovskite Thin Film Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiency >24%

Paul,

Singha,

Hossain

et al. 2024

ACS Energy Lett.

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An integration of perovskite and cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells in a tandem configuration has the potential to yield efficient thin-film tandem solar cells. Owing to the promise of higher efficiency at low cost, the presented study aims to explore the potential for combining this commercially established CdTe photovoltaics (PV) with next-generation perovskite PV. Here, we developed four-terminal (4-T) CdTe/perovskite tandem solar cells, starting with 18.3% efficient near-infrared-transparent perovskite solar cells (NIR-TPSCs) with an average transmission (T avg ) of 24.76% in the 300−900 nm wavelength range. These were then integrated with 19.56% efficient opaque CdTe solar cells, achieving 23.42% efficiency in a 4-T tandem configuration. Additionally, using a refractive index matching liquid increases the overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) to 24.2%. This pioneering achievement marks the first instance of a 4-T CdTe/perovskite thin-film tandem solar cell exceeding a PCE of 24.2%, a significant 123.72% increase in overall PCE.

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confidence: 99%

4-T CdTe/Perovskite Thin Film Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiency >24%

Paul,

Singha,

Hossain

et al. 2024

ACS Energy Lett.

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Efficient and Stable Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells Enabled by Contact‐Resistance‐Tunable Indium Tin Oxide Interlayer

Jin,

Feng,

Fang

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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The imperfect charge behavior at the interfaces of perovskite/electron‐transport layer (ETL)/transparent conducting oxide (TCO) limits the further performance improvement of perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Herein, an indium tin oxide interlayer is deposited between ETL and TCO to address this issue. Specifically, the interlayer is prepared using an all‐physical and H2O‐free method, electron‐beam evaporation, which can avoid any potential damage to the underlying perovskite and ETL layers. Moreover, the interlayer's composition can be readily tuned by changing the evaporator component, enabling authors to regulate the contact resistance and energy‐level alignment of the ETL/TCO interface. Consequently, the resultant perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells exhibit an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 30.8% (certified 30.3%). Moreover, the device retains 98% of its initial PCE after continuous operation under ambient conditions for 1078 h, representing one of the most stable and efficient perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.

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Advances in Top Transparent Electrodes by Physical Vapor Deposition for Buffer Layer‐Free Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells

Smirnov,

Nigmetova,

2024

Solar RRL

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The advancements in halide perovskite materials, celebrated for their exceptional optoelectronic properties, have not only led to a remarkable increase in the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) but also opened avenues for the development of semitransparent devices. Such devices are ideally suited for integration into building facades and for use in tandem solar cell configurations. However, depositing transparent electrodes (TEs) on top of the charge transport layers in PSC poses significant challenges. Physical vapor deposition (PVD), commonly used in the industry to prepare transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) as TEs, can introduce plasma‐induced damage during the process, which decreases the efficiency of the final devices. While incorporating a buffer layer is the typical approach to mitigate plasma damage, it also increases the complexity and costs of solar cell fabrication. This perspective focuses on the developments of buffer‐free semitransparent PSCs. It highlights the shift away from the typical approach of incorporating a buffer layer. Through a comprehensive analysis of recent research, this work presents successful cases of direct TCO deposition onto transport layers, evaluates scalability and stability, and concludes with recommendations for optimizing PVD processes in the fabrication of buffer‐free PSCs.

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Origin of sputter damage during transparent conductive oxide deposition for semitransparent perovskite solar cells

Abstract: Transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) have been widely used as transparent electrodes in numerous optoelectronic devices including perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. A significant concern regarding the application of TCOs is the...

Cited by 4 publications

References 69 publications

4-T CdTe/Perovskite Thin Film Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiency >24%

4-T CdTe/Perovskite Thin Film Tandem Solar Cells with Efficiency >24%

Efficient and Stable Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells Enabled by Contact‐Resistance‐Tunable Indium Tin Oxide Interlayer

Advances in Top Transparent Electrodes by Physical Vapor Deposition for Buffer Layer‐Free Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells

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