Origin of REE-rich ferrocarbonatites in southern Siberia (Russia): implications based on melt and fluid inclusions

Prokopyev, Ilya; Борисенко, А.С.; Боровиков, А. А.; Pavlova, G. G.

doi:10.1007/s00710-016-0449-z

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our observations suggest that during fluid interactions with baryte-strontianite-ancylite mineralization, baryte, and strontianite remained stable, and ancylite was completely replaced by bastnäsite (Figure 14d). The association of bastnäsite and/or the related REE fluorocarbonates (synchysite, parisite, röntgenite) with quartz, baryte, and/or strontianite is common in other rare earth carbonatites (e.g., [13,18,62,108,109,[111][112][113]). This style of mineralization is one of the most important REE ore types, while ancylite rocks are less commonly ore grade [57,68], and the ancylite-quartz association is extremely rare.…”

Section: Magnesiocarbonatite Breccias With Ree and Silicate Mineral Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Importantly, the weight percentage levels of REEs required for an economic deposit commonly occur in magnesio-and iron-rich carbonatite dykes and veins (i.e., in the latest and most highly evolved parts of a carbonatite intrusion) [2,77]. In these rocks, REE accumulation is assumed to be controlled by fluid activity [2,45,57,62,68,[77][78][79][80][81][82].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned above, chloride and sulfate are considered to be the main ligands for REE transport in hydrothermal fluids (e.g., [14,62,[144][145][146]). We suggest that the Ba-Sr-REE-rich sulfate (+Cl?)…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Petyayan-Vara Carbonatite-Hosted Rare Earth Deposit (Vuoriyarvi, NW Russia): Mineralogy and Geochemistry

et al. 2020

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The Vuoriyarvi Devonian carbonatite–ijolite–pyroxenite–olivinite complex comprises several carbonatite fields: Neske Vara, Tukhta-Vara, and Petyayan-Vara. The most common carbonatites in the Tukhta-Vara and Neske-Vara fields are calciocarbonatites, which host several P, Fe, Nb, and Ta deposits. This paper focuses on the Petyayan-Vara field, in which the primary magmatic carbonatites are magnesian. The least altered magnesiocarbonatites are composed of dolomite with burbankite and are rich in REE (up to 2.0 wt. %), Sr (up to 1.2 wt. %), and Ba (up to 0.8 wt. %). These carbonatites underwent several stages of metasomatism. Each metasomatic event produced a new rock type with specific mineralization. The introduction of K, Si, Al, Fe, Ti, and Nb by a F-rich fluid (or fluid-saturated melt) resulted in the formation of high-Ti magnesiocarbonatites and silicocarbonatites, composed of dolomite, microcline, Ti-rich phlogopite, and Fe–Ti oxides. Alteration by a phosphate–fluoride fluid caused the crystallization of apatite in the carbonatites. A sulfate-rich Ba–Sr–rare-earth elements (REE) fluid (probably brine-melt) promoted the massive precipitation of ancylite and baryte and, to a lesser extent, strontianite, bastnäsite, and synchysite. Varieties of carbonatite that contain the highest concentrations of REE are ancylite-dominant. The influence of sulfate-rich Ba-Sr-REE fluid on the apatite-bearing rocks resulted in the dissolution and reprecipitation of apatite in situ. The newly formed apatite generation is rich in HREE, Sr, and S. During late-stage transformations, breccias of magnesiocarbonatites with quartz-bastnäsite matrixes were formed. Simultaneously, strontianite, quartz, calcite, monazite, HREE-rich thorite, and Fe-hydroxides were deposited. Breccias with quartz-bastnäsite matrix are poorer in REE (up to 4.5 wt. % total REE) than the ancylite-dominant rocks (up to 11 wt. % total REE).

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Section: Magnesiocarbonatite Breccias With Ree and Silicate Mineral Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Petyayan-Vara Carbonatite-Hosted Rare Earth Deposit (Vuoriyarvi, NW Russia): Mineralogy and Geochemistry

et al. 2020

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“…REE enrichment is "most commonly found only in the latest and most highly evolved parts of a carbonatite intrusion" [6]. The accumulation of REE in late carbonatites is assumed to be controlled by fluid activity [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Such a surplus in articles reflects a keen interest in REE occurring in late carbonatites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti-Nb Mineralization of Late Carbonatites and Role of Fluids in Its Formation: Petyayan-Vara Rare-Earth Carbonatites (Vuoriyarvi Massif, Russia)

et al. 2018

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This article is devoted to the geology of titanium-rich varieties of the Petyayan-Vara rare-earth dolomitic carbonatites in Vuoriyarvi, Northwest Russia. Analogues of these varieties are present in many carbonatite complexes. The aim of this study was to investigate the behavior of high field strength elements during the late stages of carbonatite formation. We conducted a multilateral study of titanium-and niobium-bearing minerals, including a petrographic study, Raman spectroscopy, microprobe determination of chemical composition, and electron backscatter diffraction. Three TiO 2 -polymorphs (anatase, brookite and rutile) and three pyrochlore group members (hydroxycalcio-, fluorcalcio-, and kenoplumbopyrochlore) were found to coexist in the studied rocks. The formation of these minerals occurred in several stages. First, Nb-poor Ti-oxides were formed in the fluid-permeable zones. The overprinting of this assemblage by residual fluids led to the generation of Nb-rich brookite (the main niobium concentrator in the Petyayan-Vara) and minerals of the pyrochlore group. This process also caused niobium enrichment with of early generations of Ti oxides. Our results indicate abrupt changes in the physicochemical parameters at the late hydro (carbo) thermal stage of the carbonatite formation and high migration capacity of Ti and Nb under these conditions. The metasomatism was accompanied by the separation of these elements.

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“…Согласно (Li, Zhou, 2015), гидротермальное РЗЭ-перераспределение также сильно зависит от катионных лигандов Ca и Na. Данные наблюдения подтверждены результатами исследования флюидных и расплавных включений в минералах (Samson et al, 1995, Buhn, Rankin 1999, Smith et al, 2000, Xie et al, 2009, Prokopyev et al, 2016…”

Section: методы исследованийunclassified

Бастнезит-Флюоритовые Породы Улан-Удэнского Проявления (Минеральный Состав, Геохимические Особенности, Проблемы Генезиса)

2019

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В пределах г. Улан-Удэ обнаружено несколько участков существенно бастнезит-флюоритовых и кальцитсодержащих пород. Они приурочены к выходам палеозойских кристаллических сланцев, кварцитов, имеют возраст 134.2±2.6 млн. лет. Породы представлены брекчированными линзо-и жилообразными телами, сцементированными преимущественно бастнезит-флюоритовым агрегатом. Содержание флюорита в породах составляет несколько десятков процентов, бастнезита-(Се)-20-30 %, нередко достигая 50 %. В числе второстепенных присутствуют монацит-(Се), альбит, калиевый полевой шпат, в качестве акцессорных-циркон, ниобий-содержащий рутил, манганильменит. Редкоземельные элементы в породах специализированы на легкие лантаноиды. В бастнезите и флюорите установлены солевые рассол-расплавные включения с температурами гомогенизациии 490-520 °С. Солевой состав таких включений представлен преимущественно сульфатами Na и Ca (50-60 об. %), в подчиненном количестве присутствуют карбонаты Ca и REE (20-30 об. %), газовая фаза включений содержит углекислоту. Газовые и часть водно-солевых включений (до 30-50 об. % солевых фаз) гомогенизировались при температурах 150-200, 290-350 и 430-450 °С. Солевой состав поздних флюидов отвечает карбонатам Ca, REE, хлоридами K и/или Na, гидросульфатам Ca, Mg и Fe и гидрокарбонатам Ca и Na, а газовая фаза включений содержит CO2±H2. Изотопные составы углерода (-5.9 ….-8.3 ‰ 13С V-PDB) и кислорода (4.3…8.3 ‰ 18О V-SMOW) в бастнезитах и кальцитах ложатся в контур квадрата PIC, характерный для неизмененных интрузивных карбонатитов. Первичные изотопные стронциевые отношения во флюорите и бастнезите равны 0.70559-0.70568. Пространственная сопряженность, близкий возраст и минералого-геохимические особенности указывают на их генетическую связь с позднемезозойскими карбонатитами Юго-Западного Забайкалья. Обнаружение этого проявления свидетельствует о существовании еще одной карбнатитоносной площади и расширяет ареал распространения таких пород, увеличивая перспективы территории Юго-Западного Забайкалья на редкоземельное оруденение.

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Origin of REE-rich ferrocarbonatites in southern Siberia (Russia): implications based on melt and fluid inclusions

Cited by 48 publications

References 32 publications

The Petyayan-Vara Carbonatite-Hosted Rare Earth Deposit (Vuoriyarvi, NW Russia): Mineralogy and Geochemistry

The Petyayan-Vara Carbonatite-Hosted Rare Earth Deposit (Vuoriyarvi, NW Russia): Mineralogy and Geochemistry

Ti-Nb Mineralization of Late Carbonatites and Role of Fluids in Its Formation: Petyayan-Vara Rare-Earth Carbonatites (Vuoriyarvi Massif, Russia)

Бастнезит-Флюоритовые Породы Улан-Удэнского Проявления (Минеральный Состав, Геохимические Особенности, Проблемы Генезиса)

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