Origin of oscillations in photon distributions of squeezed states

Pulsed-squeezed-light generation in a waveguide with second-subharmonic generation and periodic corrugation

“…(8) and (9). We also note that equations similar to (8) and (9) can be derived from the wave equation considering classical fields and invoking paraxial approximation [12].…”

“…Evolution of the nonlinearly-interacting quantum optical fields inside the waveguide is described by the following momentum operatorĜ [9,23]: [56][57][58][59]. On the other hand, the nonlinear coupling constants K nl,q (ω s , ω ′ s ) characterize the nonlinear interaction among co-propagating fields and obey the symme-…”

“…According to quantum theory, the electric-field vector operator amplitudesÊ a (x, y, z, t) (a = p, s) at time t and spatial point (x, y, z) inside the waveguide can be decomposed into harmonic plane waves with mode operator amplitudesâ a in the Heisenberg picture [6,9]:…”

“…Coefficients B s,n and C s,n of the generalized superposition of signal and noise [9] written for an n-th eigenmode of the Bloch-Messiah reduction (76) and defined in Eqs. (49) can be expressed using the eigenvalues of the decomposition,…”

“…Such nonclassical light can be emitted both in the fundamental as well as second-subharmonic frequency (SSF) fields [7]. Also light with nonclassical photon-number statistics can be obtained in this process under suitable conditions [8,9]. The process of second-subharmonic generation belongs to the whole family of optical parametric processes which share many common features [10][11][12].…”