Origin of intestinal disaccharidases of Ascaris suum

Gentner, Harry W.; Castro, Gilbert A.

doi:10.1016/0014-4894(74)90015-0

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The presence of maltase, saccharase and trehalase in the homogenate of the gut of A. suum confirms the observation of various authors (van den Bossche et al, 1973;Gentner et al, 1972Gentner et al, , 1974. Moreover, in the present study a relatively high maltase activity was also observed in the homogenate of the uterus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Activities of different disaccharidases have been demonstrated in the intestine of Ascaris lumbricoides (Carpenter, 1952;Fukushima, 1967;Palma et al, 1970) and Ascaris suum (Feist et al, 1965;Bossche et al, 1972;Gentner et al, 1972Gentner et al, , 1974. In the present study the activities of disaccharidases in different helminths of pigs parasitized in different parts of the gastro-intestinal tract have been determined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 61%

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Activity of disaccharidases in the intestinal contents of piglets infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and activity in these nematodes

Ënigk

Dey-Hazra

1978

J. Helminthol.

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The activity of maltase, saccharase, cellobiase, trehalase and lactase was estimated in the intestinal contents of non-infected pigs and pigs infected with several gastrointestinal nematodes and in the nematodes themselves.Enzyme activities in the intestinal contents of pigs infected with Hyostrongylus rubidus were similar to those in uninfected control pigs. However the enzyme activity of the contents of the whole intestine was increased in Strongyloides ransomi infections and moderately increased in Ascaris suum infection. In Trichuris and Oesophagostomum infections activity was only increased in the large intestine contents.Ascaris suum contained high activity of maltase and saccharase in its intestine and lower levels in other organs, while levels were much lower in other pig nematodes. Hyostrongylus rubidus and its third-stage larva did not contain any disaccharidases activity.The disaccharidases in the pig nematodes, especially in Strongyloides, were more sensitive to high temperatures (70°C) than those in the contents of the pig intestine.Some disaccharidases were demonstrable in embryonated Ascaris and Trichuris eggs and in third-stage larvae of Strongyloides and Oesophagostomum.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 61%

Activity of disaccharidases in the intestinal contents of piglets infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and activity in these nematodes

Ënigk

Dey-Hazra

1978

J. Helminthol.

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“…Twenty seven proteins were identified, most individual proteins of which were confined to one or two unique PAGE gel slices ( S2 Table ). Eighteen of the 27 proteins fell into the two major functional categories of peptidases (10) and O-glycosyl hydrolases (eight), of which the glycosyl hydrolases may be related to saccharidase activity previously detected in A. suum intestinal brush border preparations [25] , [26] . Only three proteins (GS_16354, GS_12574, GS_21785) from the entire ConA set were not detected in either of the perfusate fractions, and only one (GS_21785) was absent from both the perfusate and P2 pellet fractions ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peptidase activity detected at more alkaline pH notwithstanding, an acidic pH supported peptidase activities from intestinal fractions inclusive of apparent aspartic, serine and metallo peptidases, which is consistent with A. suum proteins identified in intestinal perfusates. Similarly, A. suum intestinal saccharidases associated with AIM brush border preparations (microvilli) had acidic pH preference [25] , [26] . This association with the brush border was suggested to reflect compartmentalization of carbohydrate digestion at the AIM surface that facilitates localized coupling of nutrient transport across the AIM [26] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptidases Compartmentalized to the Ascaris suum Intestinal Lumen and Apical Intestinal Membrane

2015

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The nematode intestine is a tissue of interest for developing new methods of therapy and control of parasitic nematodes. However, biological details of intestinal cell functions remain obscure, as do the proteins and molecular functions located on the apical intestinal membrane (AIM), and within the intestinal lumen (IL) of nematodes. Accordingly, methods were developed to gain a comprehensive identification of peptidases that function in the intestinal tract of adult female Ascaris suum. Peptidase activity was detected in multiple fractions of the A. suum intestine under pH conditions ranging from 5.0 to 8.0. Peptidase class inhibitors were used to characterize these activities. The fractions included whole lysates, membrane enriched fractions, and physiological- and 4 molar urea-perfusates of the intestinal lumen. Concanavalin A (ConA) was confirmed to bind to the AIM, and intestinal proteins affinity isolated on ConA-beads were compared to proteins from membrane and perfusate fractions by mass spectrometry. Twenty-nine predicted peptidases were identified including aspartic, cysteine, and serine peptidases, and an unexpectedly high number (16) of metallopeptidases. Many of these proteins co-localized to multiple fractions, providing independent support for localization to specific intestinal compartments, including the IL and AIM. This unique perfusion model produced the most comprehensive view of likely digestive peptidases that function in these intestinal compartments of A. suum, or any nematode. This model offers a means to directly determine functions of these proteins in the A. suum intestine and, more generally, deduce the wide array functions that exist in these cellular compartments of the nematode intestine.

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“…Apparently, A. suum has substantial need for digestion of proteins consumed in this host location. O-Glycosyl hydrolases comprised a second group of hydrolases, which likely contribute to saccharidase activity previously investigated in A. suum (Gentner and Castro, 1974), and some of these hydrolases were identified in previous investigations on A. suum larval stages and intestinal tissue (Wang et al, 2013a). A third group of hydrolases included several lipases, thus rounding out a basic set of digestive enzymes in the lumen of A. suum intestine.…”

Section: Increasing Resolution By Studying Intestinal Regions At a Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omics Driven Understanding of the Intestines of Parasitic Nematodes

et al. 2019

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The biological and molecular complexity of nematodes has impeded research on development of new therapies for treatment and control. We have focused on the versatility of the nematode intestine as a target for new therapies. To that end, it is desirable to establish a broad and deep understanding of the molecular architecture underlying intestinal cell functions at the pan-Nematoda level. Multiomics data were generated to uncover the evolutionary principles underlying both conserved and adaptable features of the nematode intestine. Whole genomes were used to reveal the functional potential of the nematodes, tissue-specific transcriptomes provided a deep assessment of genes that are expressed in the adult nematode intestine, and comparison of selected core species was used to determine a first approximation of the pan-Nematoda intestinal transcriptome. Differentially expressed transcripts were also identified among intestinal regions, with the largest number expressed at significantly higher levels in the anterior region, identifying this region as the most functionally unique compared to middle and posterior regions. Profiling intestinal miRNAs targeting these genes identified the conserved intestinal miRNAs. Proteomics of intestinal cell compartments assigned proteins to several different intestinal cell compartments (intestinal tissue, the integral and peripheral intestinal membranes, and the intestinal lumen). Finally, advanced bioinformatic approaches were used to predict intestinal cell functional categories of seminal importance to parasite survival, which can now be experimentally tested and validated. The data provide the most comprehensive compilation of constitutively and differentially expressed genes, predicted gene regulators, and proteins of the nematode intestine. The information provides knowledge that is essential to understand molecular features of nematode intestinal cells and functions of fundamental importance to the intestine of many, if not all, parasitic nematodes.

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Origin of intestinal disaccharidases of Ascaris suum

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Activity of disaccharidases in the intestinal contents of piglets infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and activity in these nematodes

Activity of disaccharidases in the intestinal contents of piglets infected with gastrointestinal nematodes and activity in these nematodes

Peptidases Compartmentalized to the Ascaris suum Intestinal Lumen and Apical Intestinal Membrane

Omics Driven Understanding of the Intestines of Parasitic Nematodes

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