Origin of improved depth penetration in dual‐axis optical coherence tomography: a Monte Carlo study

Zhao, Yang; Chu, Kengyeh K.; Jelly, Evan T.; Wax, Adam

doi:10.1002/jbio.201800383

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…In addition, in contrast to previous methods, the approach is able to vary Θ with depth, preferentially collecting a higher proportion of multiply scattered light with depth and completely eliminating the ballistic light. These factors lead to an effective physical means of attenuation compensation, which has been verified by numerical simulation for similar geometries in other works ( 23 , 40 ). Furthermore, spatial offset varies the collection of off-axis scattered light, which can further increase contrast between samples with different scattering properties.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 76%

Spatially offset optical coherence tomography: Leveraging multiple scattering for high-contrast imaging at depth in turbid media

et al. 2023

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The penetration depth of optical coherence tomography (OCT) reaches well beyond conventional microscopy; however, signal reduction with depth leads to rapid degradation of the signal below the noise level. The pursuit of imaging at depth has been largely approached by extinguishing multiple scattering. However, in OCT, multiple scattering substantially contributes to image formation at depth. Here, we investigate the role of multiple scattering in OCT image contrast and postulate that, in OCT, multiple scattering can enhance image contrast at depth. We introduce an original geometry that completely decouples the incident and collection fields by introducing a spatial offset between them, leading to preferential collection of multiply scattered light. A wave optics–based theoretical framework supports our experimentally demonstrated improvement in contrast. The effective signal attenuation can be reduced by more than 24 decibels. Notably, a ninefold enhancement in image contrast at depth is observed in scattering biological samples. This geometry enables a powerful capacity to dynamically tune for contrast at depth.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 76%

Spatially offset optical coherence tomography: Leveraging multiple scattering for high-contrast imaging at depth in turbid media

et al. 2023

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Coaxial Bright and Dark Field Optical Coherence Tomography

Wang,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

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Deep imaging with 1.3 µm dual-axis optical coherence tomography and an enhanced depth of focus

Jelly

Zhao

Chu

et al. 2021

Biomed. Opt. Express

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For many clinical applications, such as dermatology, optical coherence tomography (OCT) suffers from limited penetration depth due primarily to the highly scattering nature of biological tissues. Here, we present a novel implementation of dual-axis optical coherence tomography (DA-OCT) that offers improved depth penetration in skin imaging at 1.3 µm compared to conventional OCT. Several unique aspects of DA-OCT are examined here, including the requirements for scattering properties to realize the improvement and the limited depth of focus (DOF) inherent to the technique. To overcome this limitation, our approach uses a tunable lens to coordinate focal plane selection with image acquisition to create an enhanced DOF for DA-OCT. This improvement in penetration depth is quantified experimentally against conventional on-axis OCT using tissue phantoms and mouse skin. The results presented here suggest the potential use of DA-OCT in situations where a high degree of scattering limits depth penetration in OCT imaging.

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Origin of improved depth penetration in dual‐axis optical coherence tomography: a Monte Carlo study

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Spatially offset optical coherence tomography: Leveraging multiple scattering for high-contrast imaging at depth in turbid media

Spatially offset optical coherence tomography: Leveraging multiple scattering for high-contrast imaging at depth in turbid media

Coaxial Bright and Dark Field Optical Coherence Tomography

Deep imaging with 1.3 µm dual-axis optical coherence tomography and an enhanced depth of focus

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