Origin of high piezoelectricity in low-temperature sintering PZT-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramics

Ultralow sintering temperature and piezoelectric properties of Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3−BiScO3−PbTiO3 for low‐temperature co‐firing applications

“…Typically, the secure operating temperature is set to below half of T c . Usually, leadfree Zn-Sn solder is utilized in the packaging process to bond electrical components to substrates with its weld temperature over 200 • C. 10 Therefore, piezoelectric ceramics with relatively high T c beyond 400 • C is beneficial to the device packaging. For the preceding considerations, to design a new piezoelectric system intrinsically with low sintering temperature, high T c and excellent piezoelectric properties will be highly desirable to the fabrication and application of multi-layer piezoelectric ceramics and devices.…”

“…Typically, the secure operating temperature is set to below half of T c . Usually, lead‐free Zn–Sn solder is utilized in the packaging process to bond electrical components to substrates with its weld temperature over 200°C 10 . Therefore, piezoelectric ceramics with relatively high T c beyond 400°C is beneficial to the device packaging.…”

Microstructure and Piezoelectric Properties of Lead Zirconate Titanate Nanocomposites Reinforced with In-Situ Formed ZrO2 Nanoparticles

“…In the past few years, several secondary phases have been added to PZT-based ceramics to improve their mechanical properties by adding a secondary phase. These phases can be classified into three types: (1) metal particles such as Ag [4]; (2) fiber-like materials including ZrO 2 fibers [5,6] and SiC whiskers [7]; (3) oxide particles such as ZrO 2 [8,9], CuO [3], Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 , [10] and ZnO [11]. Although these composites significantly improved the mechanical properties of PZT-based ceramics, an unavoidable deterioration in their piezoelectric properties was also observed.…”

Hierarchically structured polyvinylidene fluoride core‐shell composite yarn based on electrospinning coating method to improve piezoelectricity

“…A larger number of piezoelectric products are designed and developed with organic and inorganic materials to facilitate the society. Inorganic piezoelectric ceramic was widely used due to its excellent piezoelectric constant and the most representative is lead zirconate titanate (PZT) with perovskite structure [Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 ] 15–17 . However, suffering from various disadvantages that impede the development of wearable electronics of their low deformation, low air permeability, low damage resistance, fragility, and rigidity.…”

“…Inorganic piezoelectric ceramic was widely used due to its excellent piezoelectric constant and the most representative is lead zirconate titanate (PZT) with perovskite structure [Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 ]. [15][16][17] However, suffering from various disadvantages that impede the development of wearable electronics of their low deformation, low air permeability, low damage resistance, fragility, and rigidity. Meanwhile, the organic materials hold a favorable mechanical and biocompatibility that polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) stands out for stable chemical properties, excellent mechanical properties, high sensitivity, lead free, softness, lightweight, low price, and higher piezoelectric coefficients than those observed in other piezoelectric polymers.…”