Origin of Graphite In the Southwestern Grenville Province

Taner, Mehmet F.; Drever, Cameron; Yakymchuk, Chris; Longstaffe, Fred J.

doi:10.3749/canmin.1700029

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, samples with > 90% graphitic carbon (Table 2) have δ 13 C values that range from − 28.3 to − 15.5‰ (Fig. 5c), which are similar to previous values of − 29.1 to − 15.6‰ from graphite separates from Bissett Creek (Taner et al 2017;Garland 1987). Therefore, we consider the ~ 14‰ spread in δ 13 C values to reflect that of graphite from the Bissett Creek deposit.…”

Section: Origin Of Carbonsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Finally, δ 13 C values of the garnet-sillimanite gneiss vary from − 24.4 to − 15.5‰ (n = 5). These values are similar to an average value of − 21.2‰ (n = 2) of graphite concentrate from Bissett Creek (Taner et al 2017). Carbon isotope ratios generally become lighter with increasing graphitic C content in samples (Fig.…”

Section: Carbon Isotopessupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The geological observations presented here are based on outcrop and drill core samples, which build on previous technical reports of the deposit (Gignac et al 2012;Leduc 2013) and the study of Taner et al (2017). The Bissett Creek graphite hosts ~ 1.2 Mt of graphite (measured and indicated resources) with an average grade of 1.74 wt.% carbon (Leduc 2013).…”

Section: Geology Of the Bissett Creek Depositmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…9). In general, the carbon isotope compositions of whole-rock samples and graphite separates (Taner et al 2017) from Bissett Creek are isotopically heavier than those from Mesoproterozoic black shales. This could indicate modification during metamorphism (up to 5‰ heavier; Barker and Friedman 1969;Wada et al 1994), exchange with isotopically heavy carbonate minerals (2 to 3‰; e.g., Dunn and Valley 1992), or may suggest that the potential precursor shale to the paragneiss was isotopically heavier than the others.…”

Section: Origin Of Carbonmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada

Drever

Kinney²,

Yakymchuk³

2022

Miner Deposita

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The petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite is enigmatic. The Bissett Creek graphite deposit, consisting of flake graphite hosted in upper-amphibolite facies quartzofeldspathic gneisses and rare aluminous gneisses, provides an analogue for graphite exploration. In the Bissett Creek gneisses, graphite is homogeneously distributed and composes 2–10 vol. % of the rocks. Disseminated graphite flakes (~ 1 to 6 mm in size) are interleaved with biotite and are petrologically associated with upper-amphibolite facies metamorphic mineral assemblages. Thermobarometry and phase equilibrium modeling yield peak temperatures of > 760 °C at 0.5–0.9 GPa. Whole-rock samples with abundant graphite yield δ13CVPDB from − 28 to − 14‰. δ34SVCDT values of sulfide-bearing samples vary from 10 to 15‰. Sulfur and carbon isotope values are compatible with a biogenic origin, flake graphite probably formed from metamorphism of in situ organic material. However, the variability of δ13C values from the deposit along with graphite microstructures suggest that carbon-bearing metamorphic fluid (or melt) generated during metamorphism may have remobilized carbon resulting in anomalously large to extra-large flake sizes. This may be a common mechanism globally to explain large graphite flake sizes where graphite formed through in situ metamorphism of organic matter is coarsened due to remobilization of CO2-rich fluids (or melt) during high-temperature metamorphism.

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Section: Origin Of Carbonsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Carbon Isotopessupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Geology Of the Bissett Creek Depositmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Origin Of Carbonmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada

Drever

Kinney²,

Yakymchuk³

2022

Miner Deposita

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“…(1) vitrinite reflectance, e.g., [35][36][37], (2) X-ray diffraction, e.g., [23,[38][39][40], (3) Raman spectroscopy, e.g., [5,25,27,29,[41][42][43][44][45], and (4) stable isotopes, e.g., [12,[18][19][20][21]24,[46][47][48][49]. These methods are commonly used in combination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Graphite Occurrences of Northern Norway, a Review of Geology, Geophysics, and Resources

et al. 2020

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There are three provinces in Northern Norway in which occurrences of graphite are abundant; the Island of Senja, the Vesterålen archipelago, and the Holandsfjorden area. From these provinces, we report graphite resources from 28 occurrences. We use a combination of airborne and ground geophysics to estimate the dimensions of the mineralized areas, and, combined with sampling and analysis of the graphite contents, this gives us inferred resources for almost all the occurrences. The average TC (total carbon) content is 11.6%, and the average size is 9.3 Mt or 0.8 Mt of contained graphite. We demonstrate that the Norwegian graphite occurrences have grades and tonnages of the same order of magnitude as reported elsewhere. The graphite-bearing rocks occur in a sequence that encompasses carbonates, meta-arenites, acid to intermediate pyroxene gneisses, and banded iron formations metamorphosed into the granulite facies. Available radiometric dating shows that the graphite-bearing rocks are predated by Archean gneisses and postdated by Proterozoic intrusions of granitic to intermediate compositions.

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Migmatites

Yakymchuk

2021

Encyclopedia of Geology

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Origin of Graphite In the Southwestern Grenville Province

Cited by 10 publications

References 44 publications

Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada

Petrogenesis of extra-large flake graphite at the Bissett Creek deposit, Canada

The Graphite Occurrences of Northern Norway, a Review of Geology, Geophysics, and Resources

Migmatites

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