Origin of ascending auditory projections to the nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis pars dorsalis in the chicken

Conlee, John W.; Parks, Thomas N.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)91583-0

Cited by 97 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…CaBP immunoreactivity in the avian auditory system has already been reported in that NM, NL, VLV, and inferior colliculus of the chicken are listed as containing immunoreactive fibers or cell bodies (Jande et al, 1981;Roth et al, 198 1). These reports do not recognize subdivisions within VLV or IC that have been found in the pigeon, chicken, and owl (Leibler, 1975;Takahashi and Konishi, 1985, and unpublished observations;Conlee and Parks, 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…NA projects bilaterally to the superior olivary nucleus (SO) and contralaterally to certain areas of the lateral lemniscal nuclear group (VLVP of Fig. 1) and the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICC) (Leibler, 1975;Takahashi and Konishi, 1985, and unpublished observations;Conlee and Parks, 1986) that contain neurons sensitive to the difference in sound intensity in the 2 ears (Moiseff and Konishi, 1983;Takahashi and Konishi, 1983).…”

Section: Nucleus Laminarismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent neurophysiological evidence suggests that NL is the site at which the interaural phase differences of spectral components of sounds are encoded (Sullivan and Konishi, 1986). NL, in turn, projects contralaterally to regions of the lateral lemniscal nuclear complex (VLVA) and ICC (Leibler, 1975;Takahashi and Konishi, 1985, and unpublished observations;Conlee and Parks, 1986) that are composed of neurons selective for interaural time differences (Moiseff and Konishi, 1983;Takahashi and Konishi, 1983;Wagner et al, 1986). There is also a sparse projection to the ipsilateral SO (Takahashi and Konishi, 1985, and unpublished observations).…”

Section: Nucleus Laminarismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcium binding protein-like immunoreactivity labels the terminal field of nucleus laminaris of the barn owl

Takahashi¹,

Carr²,

Brecha³

et al. 1987

J. Neurosci.

101

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Nucleus laminaris (NL) is the site at which the timing of sounds arriving in the 2 ears is compared in the auditory system of the barn owl. Earlier studies have reported vitamin D-dependent calcium binding protein (CaBP)-like immunoreactivity in the somata of NL. We report here that CaBP-like immunoreactivity stains the terminal field of NL. The specific CaBP immunoreactivity is localized to a dense plexus of fibers that have bouton-like swellings, usually around unstained somata. This type of immunoreactivity is found in a restricted portion of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICc), in the anterior division of the ventral lateral lemniscal complex (VLVA), and in the superior olivary nucleus (SO), all of which have been shown by anterograde transport of 3H-proline to be innervated by NL. The immunoreactivity is absent from the posterior division of ventral lateral lemniscal complex and from the region that surrounds the portion of ICc innervated by NL. A restricted lesion in NL results in a localized deficit in immunoreactivity in those regions of ICc and VLVA that are known to be innervated by the lesioned area of NL. In adjacent sections processed by the Fink-Heimer method, degenerating axons are present in the region of the deficit in immunoreactivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Nucleus Laminarismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nucleus Laminarismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calcium binding protein-like immunoreactivity labels the terminal field of nucleus laminaris of the barn owl

Takahashi¹,

Carr²,

Brecha³

et al. 1987

J. Neurosci.

101

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“…It has previously been shown that the SON forms a negative feedback circuit in the avian auditory brainstem. Excitatory inputs from NA and NL drive the ipsilateral SON (Conlee and Parks 1986;Takahashi and Konishi 1988;Westerberg and Schwarz 1995), which in turn sends inhibitory projections back to the ipsilateral NA, NM, and NL (Yang et al 1999;Monsivais et al 2000;Burger et al 2005). Additionally, a second output pathway from the SON forms reciprocal connections between the two SONs (Yang et al 1999;Monsivais et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GABAergic and glycinergic inhibition modulate monaural auditory response properties in the avian superior olivary nucleus

Coleman

Fischl

Weimann

et al. 2011

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Coleman WL, Fischl MJ, Weimann SR, Burger RM. GABAergic and glycinergic inhibition modulate monaural auditory response properties in the avian superior olivary nucleus. J Neurophysiol 105: 2405-2420, 2011. First published March 2, 2011 doi:10.1152/jn.01088.2010.-The superior olivary nucleus (SON) is the primary source of inhibition in the avian auditory brainstem. While much is known about the role of inhibition at the SON's target nuclei, little is known about how the SON itself processes auditory information or how inhibition modulates these properties. Additionally, the synaptic physiology of inhibitory inputs within the SON has not been described. We investigated these questions using in vivo and in vitro electrophysiological techniques in combination with immunohistochemistry in the chicken, an organism for which the auditory brainstem has otherwise been well characterized. We provide a thorough characterization of monaural response properties in the SON and the influence of inhibitory input in shaping these features. We found that the SON contains a heterogeneous mixture of response patterns to acoustic stimulation and that in most neurons these responses are modulated by both GABAergic and glycinergic inhibitory inputs. Interestingly, many SON neurons tuned to low frequencies have robust phase-locking capability and the precision of this phase locking is enhanced by inhibitory inputs. On the synaptic level, we found that evoked and spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) within the SON are also mediated by both GABAergic and glycinergic inhibition in all neurons tested. Analysis of spontaneous IPSCs suggests that most SON cells receive a mixture of both purely GABAergic terminals, as well as terminals from which GABA and glycine are coreleased. Evidence for glycinergic signaling within the SON is a novel result that has important implications for understanding inhibitory function in the auditory brainstem.GABA A receptor; sound localization; superior olivary nucleus; glycine receptor; inhibition; interaural time disparity INTERAURAL TIME DISPARITIES (ITDs) are the main cue that animals use to localize low frequency sounds. Many features of neural circuitry that process this cue are similar between birds and mammals. For example, both systems involve specialized coincidence-detecting neurons that detect the timing differences of spikes arriving from both ears. These neurons comprise the medial superior olive in mammals (Goldberg and Brown 1969;Yin and Chan 1990) and nucleus laminaris (NL) in birds (Parks and

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“…These neurons must convey accurate temporal information to higher integrative centers, such as the nucleus mesencephalicus pars dorsalis in the midbrain (Moiseff and Konishi, 1983;Conlee and Parks, 1986). Certain characteristics of neurons in the pathway may be particularly suited to this task.…”

Section: Channel Conductances and Open Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathway-specific variants of AMPA receptors and their contribution to neuronal signaling

1994

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Neurons of the nucleus magnocellularis (nMAG) of the chick express AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate) receptors displaying unusually rapid kinetics of desensitization (Raman and Trussell, 1992a). To investigate whether fast AMPA receptors are present in other auditory neurons, we compared the properties of AMPA receptors in auditory as well as nonauditory cells. These included neurons of nMAG, the nucleus angularis, the nucleus laminaris, the cochlear ganglion, the Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum, the ventral horn of the spinal cord, and the brainstem nucleus of the glossopharyngeal nerve (ncIX). Rapid application of glutamate to voltage-clamped outside-out membrane patches indicated that AMPA receptors in the four types of auditory cells had significantly faster kinetics of desensitization than did the three types of nonauditory neurons. Channel kinetics in auditory (nMAG) and nonauditory (ncIX) cells were also compared by means of spectral analysis and the time course of current deactivation upon removal of glutamate. Both techniques revealed a burst duration for nMAG channels of 400–500 musec at room temperature, two to three times shorter than for ncIX cells. Single channels in nMAG had a burst duration of 550 musec and an open time of approximately 150 musec. Miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents of brainstem auditory neurons in slices were also brief, with decay constants of 150–250 musec at 29–32 degrees C. We demonstrated that the fast kinetics of this AMPA receptor are physiologically important, since cyclothiazide, which reduces desensitization and prolongs synaptic currents, doubled the relative refractory period of orthodromic spikes in nMAG cells in brain slices. We conclude that auditory brainstem neurons express a specialized subtype of AMPA receptors. This “fast” AMPA receptor may be useful in transmitting signals necessary for sound localization.

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Origin of ascending auditory projections to the nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis pars dorsalis in the chicken

Cited by 97 publications

References 33 publications

Calcium binding protein-like immunoreactivity labels the terminal field of nucleus laminaris of the barn owl

Calcium binding protein-like immunoreactivity labels the terminal field of nucleus laminaris of the barn owl

GABAergic and glycinergic inhibition modulate monaural auditory response properties in the avian superior olivary nucleus

Pathway-specific variants of AMPA receptors and their contribution to neuronal signaling

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