Origin and evolution of playas and blowouts in the semiarid zone of Tierra de Pinares (Duero Basin, Spain)

Facies analysis of the Middle and Late Quaternary sediment infill of the northern Weihe Basin, Central China

“…Sediments from the alluvial fans mostly derive from the CLP, which explains the lack of widespread sandy deposits that are common in other (distal) alluvial fan settings (e.g. Blair, ; Gutiérrez‐Elorza et al ., ; Paik and Kim, ; Fisher et al ., ). Coarser deposits (EM1 and EM2) point to periods of increased fluvial activity, associated with floods, perhaps during intense rainfall episodes.…”

Flow and sediment transport dynamics in a slot and cauldron blowout and over a foredune, Mason Bay, Stewart Island (Rakiura), NZ

“…Foredune morphologies range from a collection or field of nebkhas (forming a foredune zone), to symmetrical, very well vegetated, stable, simple ridges, to highly erosional, poorly vegetated asymmetric knobs (Carter, 1988;Hesp, 2002;Hernandez-Calvento et al, 2007;Davidson-Arnott, 2010;Hesp, 2011;Hernandez-Cordero et al, 2015). Blowout morphologies range from pits, elongated notches, troughs and broad basins (Smith 1960;Koster, 1988), cigar-shaped, v-shaped, scooped hollow, cauldron and corridor (Ritchie, 1972), saucer, trough, cup, and bowl (Black, 1951;Cooper, 1958Cooper, , 1967Carter et al, 1990;Gares and Nordstrom, 1995;Hesp 2002;Seppala, 2004;Gutiérrez-Elorza et al, 2005;Wolfe, 2005, 2006;Wang et al, 2007;Smyth et al, 2011Smyth et al, , 2012Smyth et al, , 2013Smyth et al, , 2014Mir-Gual et al, 2012Ruz and Hesp, 2014;Abhar et al, 2015), and bitten, conical and mixed shapes (Mir-Gual et al, 2014). Blowouts usually have an erosional portion, and a connected depositional lobe which may range from a pronounced arcuate tongue to a low apron (Carter et al, 1990; Barchyn and Hugenholtz, 2013).…”

Geomorphological research in Spain

“…Eolian activity has a significant geomorphic imprint in the southern sector of the Duero basin, where the bedrock is dominated by friable arkosic sandstones and the fluvial systems are mainly nourished by sands. Here, there are extensive sand sheets, dune fields (Bateman and Díez, 1999;García-Hidalgo et al, 2007;Bernat-Rebollal and Pérez-González, 2008), and abundant deflation basins; pans and blowouts (Gutiérrez-Elorza et al, 2005). In the Ebro Basin, where there is very limited availability of sands, eolian accumulations are very scarce, but the strong wind has carved yardangs on gypsiferous rocks and unconsolidated lake deposits in the leeward margin of playa-lakes (Gutiérrez-Elorza et al, 2002).…”