Origin and evolution of ore-forming fluids in the Hemushan magnetite–apatite deposit, Anhui Province, Eastern China, and their metallogenic significance

Luo, Gan; Zhang, Zhe; Du, Yu; Pang, Zhenshan; Zhang, Yongfeng; Jiang, Yongwei

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.08.018

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…Based on the aforementioned early warning monitoring system, the criteria for early warning determination include rainfall, water inflow, groundwater level, surface subsidence, pore water pressure, stress, microseismic events, and video surveillance recognition [26][27][28][29][30]. Here, we focus on the description of rainfall, groundwater level, surface subsidence, and microseismic monitoring.…”

Section: The Basis For Early Warning Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Real-Time Monitoring and Warning Technology for Multi-Parameter Underground Debris Flow

Zeng,

Zhu,

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Sudden debris flows in underground mines are characterized by strong burstiness, great destructiveness, and difficult monitoring. Traditional single monitoring methods can only roughly judge the probability of underground debris flow occurrences through one-sided potential phenomena, making it difficult to accurately predict sudden underground debris flows. Therefore, effective monitoring methods can prevent or reduce waste and damage to mineral resources caused by mine debris flow disasters. This study is based on the theoretical foundations of rainfall automatic identification program, unsteady flow theory, and wavelet threshold denoising theory. It preprocesses key data such as rainfall, groundwater, and surface displacement with the aim of reducing criterion errors and improving the accuracy of determination. By utilizing the underground debris flow warning determination program, warning determination algorithm, and information management system hosted on the monitoring and warning platform, a comprehensive underground debris flow warning system is integrated. This system incorporates determining parameters such as rainfall, water inflow, groundwater level, surface subsidence, pore water pressure, surrounding rock stress, microseismic phenomena, and underground video recognition, with the innovative approach of “weather-surface-underground” multi-directional monitoring. The system was successfully installed and applied in the Pulang Copper Mine in Yunnan Province, demonstrating good application effectiveness. The results indicate that compared to traditional single monitoring methods, the multi-directional monitoring and warning system for underground debris flows has advantages such as low fault tolerance and high accuracy, making it more suitable for ensuring safe mining in mining areas.

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Section: The Basis For Early Warning Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Real-Time Monitoring and Warning Technology for Multi-Parameter Underground Debris Flow

Zeng,

Zhu,

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Formation of magnetite-(apatite) systems by crystallizing ultrabasic iron-rich melts and slag separation

Tornos,

Hanchar,

Steele-MacInnis

et al. 2023

Miner Deposita

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Magnetite-(apatite) ore deposits are interpreted as being formed by the crystallization of iron-rich ultrabasic melts, dominantly generated by the interaction of silicate melts with oxidized P-F-SO4-bearing sedimentary rocks. This hypothesis is supported by geologic evidence, experimental studies, numerical modeling, stable and radiogenic isotope geochemistry, mineralogy, and melt- and mineral-inclusion data. Assimilation of crustal rocks during ascent promotes separation from a silicate magma of Fe-rich, Si-Al-poor melts with low solidus temperatures and viscosities, allowing coalescence, migration, and emplacement at deep to subaerial crustal environments. When the iron-rich melt attains neutral buoyancy, fractional crystallization leads to melt immiscibility similar to that observed in industrial blast furnaces, which promotes separation of massive magnetite ore overlain by different types of “slag” containing actinolite or diopside ± phosphates ± magnetite ± feldspar ± anhydrite ± scapolite, commonly enriched in high field strength elements. The mineralogy and morphology of this iron-depleted cap strongly depend on the depth of emplacement and composition of the iron-rich magma. Most of these systems exhibit high oxygen fugacity, which inhibits the precipitation of significant sulfide mineralization. The initially high fO2 of these systems also promotes the formation of low-Ti (< 1 wt%) magnetite: Ti acts as an incompatible component and is enriched in the iron-poor caps and in the hydrothermal aureole. High fluid-phase pressures produced during massive crystallization of magnetite from the melt further facilitate the exsolution of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids responsible for the formation of aureoles of alkali-calcic-iron alteration with hydrothermal replacement-style iron mineralization. On the whole, these systems are dramatically different from the magmatic-hydrothermal systems related to intermediate to felsic igneous rocks; they are more akin to carbonatite and other ultramafic rocks.

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Geology, geochronology, and fluid evolution of the Pingshun skarn iron deposit, southern Taihang Mountains

Zhang

Wang²,

Liu

et al. 2019

Arab J Geosci

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Origin and evolution of ore-forming fluids in the Hemushan magnetite–apatite deposit, Anhui Province, Eastern China, and their metallogenic significance

Cited by 6 publications

References 53 publications

Research on Real-Time Monitoring and Warning Technology for Multi-Parameter Underground Debris Flow

Research on Real-Time Monitoring and Warning Technology for Multi-Parameter Underground Debris Flow

Formation of magnetite-(apatite) systems by crystallizing ultrabasic iron-rich melts and slag separation

Geology, geochronology, and fluid evolution of the Pingshun skarn iron deposit, southern Taihang Mountains

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