Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in kinkajou (<i>Potos flavus</i> – Schreber, 1774)

García, Liz Melissa Enciso; García, Juan Fernando Vélez

doi:10.1111/ahe.12781

Anat Histol Embryol

2022

DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12781

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Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in kinkajou (Potos flavus – Schreber, 1774)

Liz Melissa Enciso García

Juan Fernando Vélez García

Abstract: Potos flavus is known as kinkajou, a mammal taxonomically belonging to the order Carnivora, suborder Caniformia and family Procyonidae

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2024

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Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

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Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in red‐necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus, Marsupialia: Macropodidae)

Bakıcı,

Yunus,

Batur

2024

The Anatomical Record

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Notamacropus rufogriseus (red‐necked wallaby) are in the family Macropodidae, which is the second largest family of marsupials after the family Didelphidae. This study was conducted with the aim of providing a detailed description of the origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in N. rufogriseus. Two‐year‐old male and 3‐year‐old female red‐necked wallabies were used for the study. The brachial plexus was formed by ventral rami of C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1 spinal nerves. It is composed of three trunks that give rise to 12 principal nerves. The cranial trunk is formed by the combination of the rami C4–C7; the middle trunk is formed by the combination of the rami C6 and C7; and the caudal trunk is formed by the combination of the rami C8 and T1. Differences between left and right side of the plexus brachialis were not observed. C6 ventral spinal rami contribute the most to brachial plexus nerve formation, while C4 contributes the least. The formation and distribution of the plexus in N. rufogriseus exhibited more resemblance to the patterns observed in marsupial animals rather than placental mammals. Marsupial mammals demonstrate the involvement of C4 in the development of the brachial plexus. The formation and branching of the brachial plexus sequentially adapt in accordance with changes in their thoracic limb activities and innervation points. Anatomical data from brachial plexus studies optimizes thoracic limb clinical and surgical treatments. This work can provide baseline data for future marsupial brachial plexus studies and fill gaps in the scarce literature.

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Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in red‐necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus, Marsupialia: Macropodidae)

Bakıcı,

Yunus,

Batur

2024

The Anatomical Record

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Evolutionary comparative analysis of the extrinsic thoracic limb muscles in three procyonids (Procyon cancrivorus Cuvier, 1798, Nasua nasua Linnaeus, 1766, and Potos flavus Schreber, 1774) based on their attachments and innervation

García

Miglino

2022

Anat Sci Int

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An unusual relationship between the axillary artery and brachial plexus in a cross-breed dog cadaver: a proposal for revising the terminology for nerve loops

Kamali

2024

BMC Vet Res

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In the left axilla of a formalin-embalmed adult female cross-breed dog, an unusual course of the axillary artery in relation to the brachial plexus was noted. A part of the axillary artery after the origin of the subscapular artery coursed through the loop formed by the contributions of the caudal pectoral and lateral thoracic nerves and then between the median and ulnar nerves. Thus, the common trunk for the latter two nerves was missing. Instead, in the proximal brachium, they communicated with each other in both directions. A communicating branch between the cranial and caudal pectoral nerves forming a nerve loop, ansa pectoralis lacked the axillary artery and was instead traversed by the subscapular artery. This is a variation in the relationship between the axillary artery and brachial plexus in the domestic dog and has not been reported in the literature yet. The axillary artery entrapped by the contributions of the caudal and lateral thoracic nerves may be considered as a risk factor for the neuroarterial compressions with non-specific signs and should be taken into account both in surgery and imaging.

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Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in kinkajou (Potos flavus – Schreber, 1774)

Abstract: Potos flavus is known as kinkajou, a mammal taxonomically belonging to the order Carnivora, suborder Caniformia and family Procyonidae

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in red‐necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus, Marsupialia: Macropodidae)

Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in red‐necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus, Marsupialia: Macropodidae)

Evolutionary comparative analysis of the extrinsic thoracic limb muscles in three procyonids (Procyon cancrivorus Cuvier, 1798, Nasua nasua Linnaeus, 1766, and Potos flavus Schreber, 1774) based on their attachments and innervation

An unusual relationship between the axillary artery and brachial plexus in a cross-breed dog cadaver: a proposal for revising the terminology for nerve loops

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