Self-assembling complex
fluids are often modeled as particles with
effective competing isotropic interactions, combining a short-range
attraction (SA) followed by a longer-range repulsion (LR). For moderately
low temperatures and densities, SALR particles form clusters in equilibrium,
at least provided that the potential parameters are appropriate. Here
we inquire into the possibility that cluster formation in SALR fluids
might be pushed by a foreign species even under thermodynamic conditions
that would not allow for clusterization of the pure system. To this
aim, we study by Monte Carlo simulations a mixture of hard-sphere
two-Yukawa particles and hard spheres, with a cross interaction modeled
by a square-well attraction, and we investigate the conditions of
clustering in terms of strength of attraction and relative concentration
of the two species. We find that clusters can occur in the mixture
for the same temperature and density where the pure SALR fluid is
almost structureless. In particular, we single out a cross attraction
such that clusters are formed with a SALR concentration as low as
5%. We also find a situation where nearly pure droplets of hard spheres
are held together by a shell of SALR particles. Conversely, we show
that clustering can be undermined in the mixture under conditions
for which this process takes place in the parent SALR fluid. Using
a simple criterion, based on the second virial coefficients of the
attractive part of interaction potentials (the so-called “reference
attractive fluids”), we are able to predict accurately whether
clustering is favored (or hindered) in the mixture, as compared to
the pure SALR fluid.