Origami-Inspired Fabrication: Self-Folding or Self-Unfolding of Cross-Linked-Polyimide Objects in Extremely Hot Ambience

Wang, David H.; Tan, Loon‐Seng

doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00198

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…f) Origami‐inspired self‐unfolding polyimide SMPs cross‐linked with phosphine oxidecontaining triamine (POTAm) or a trianhydride (POTAn) to prepare self‐folding cubes, tubes, and flowers. Reproduced with permission 422. Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.…”

Section: Shape Memory Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others have employed processes to lock origami folds in SMPs. Air Force Research Laboratory researchers prepared a chemically sensitive polyimide material and demonstrated self‐folding cubes, tubes, and flowers (Figure 17f) 422. Liu et al have shown that Miura ori tessellations can exhibit shape memory behavior under compressive loading to access dynamic and structural geometries 423.…”

Section: Shape Memory Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Materials as Machines

2020

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of responsive materials as machines is in robotics. The vision, leadership, and research of Bar-Cohen is seminal in both invigorating and focusing current-day research activities to develop responsive materials [2] and implement [3] them as lightweight, dexterous, and gentle (e.g., soft) robotic elements. In this spirit, this review exhaustively details the materials, the nature of their stimuli-response, and discusses considerations for their implementation in robotic systems and subsystems.Robotics is a well-established but growing field of research. Sustained progress in both performance and functionality continue to be realized in commercial robotic systems largely based on conventional materials and their integration with mechanisms. A recent example is the Atlas robot from Boston Dynamics [4] (Figure 1a). The incorporation of stimuli-responsive materials in robotics has largely focused on component-level demonstrations to extend the performance of a subsystem (such as a hand or gripper).Stimuli-responsive materials, spanning nearly all classes of materials and size scales, are currently subject to widespread examination in corporate, government, and academic research laboratories (Figure 1b-d). [5][6][7] In some cases, these materials have already found widespread commercial implementation in end use and are comparatively mature. The materials and fundamentals of their responses are summarized in Figure 2. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) and ceramic piezoelectric materials are distinctive in that they are hard, stimuli-responsive materials. Deformation of these materials can produce large energy densities due to their inherent stiffness. Electroactive polymers (EAPs) remain a topic of considerable interest, particularly dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). Engineered systems are rapidly emerging and enabling performance gains in robotics, largely based on pneumatic or fluidic (such as HASEL [8] actuators) transport processes that localize deformation to generate force or produce motion. Soft materials, such as shape memory polymers (SMPs), hydrogels, and liquid crystalline polymer networks (LCNs) and elastomers (LCEs) may offer distinctive functional performance to robotic systems in allowing local control of deformation without the need for complex interfacing with mechanisms. As will be evident, each of these materials has inherent advantages and performance tradeoffs that must be considered in functional implementations. However, responsive material systems have a common obstacle to widespread use: the performance and Machines are systems that harness input power to extend or advance function. Fundamentally, machines are based on the integration of materials with mechanisms to accomplish tasks-such as generating motion or lifting an object. An emerging research paradigm is the design, synthesis, and integration of responsive materials within or as machines. Herein, a particular focus is the integration of responsive materials to enable robotic (machine) functions such as gripping, lifting, or motility (walk...

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Section: Shape Memory Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Shape Memory Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials as Machines

2020

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“…179 Additionally, Wang and Tan synthesized crosslinked polyimide oligomers with trifunctional phosphine-oxide triamine crosslinkers with low folding fatigue (>20× folding cycles). 180 Alternatively to polyimide and polyamide backbones, others have successfully developed high-T g copolyesters 181 and urethanes. 160 Interestingly, the grafting-from approach described by Wang and co-workers led to dual and triple shape memory effects.…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimuli‐responsive mechanical properties in polymer glasses: challenges and opportunities for defense applications

Dennis

Savage

Mrozek

et al. 2020

Polymer International

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The potential utility that responsive glasses provide in the areas of aeronautics, protection and unmanned systems is reviewed in this article. The article focuses on two broad classes of stimuli, photo and thermal, to better illustrate the challenges and convey some of the potential in developing these materials for the often extreme operational environments of defense applications. Three response mechanisms are outlined to provide a range of mechanical behaviors on demand: (i) shape-changing functionalities which locally yield or soften the material to stimulate chain mobility; (ii) bond forming (or breaking) chemistries which increase (or decrease) the stiffness of the material; and (iii) energy absorbing groups which convert the incoming stimuli into a spatially controlled heating and result in a designed softening of the material. Overall, continuing to develop responsive polymer glasses that respond rapidly and efficiently under low energy inputs will be critical for future defense applications.

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“…Aromatic polyimides (PIs), thanks to their unique aromatic heterocyclic rigid structure, possess excellent thermal, mechanical, and insulative properties, as well as outstanding resistance to space radiation. However, in various forms such as films [ 2 ], fibers [ 3 ], and composite materials [ 4 ], they have played essential roles in the aerospace industry [ 5 ]. Outstanding comprehensive performance [ 6 ] and structural designability [ 7 , 8 ] enable deformed PI materials to recover their initial shape under high-temperature conditions [ 9 ], which endows SMPs with more potential applications as expandable structures [ 10 ] such as solar arrays and expandable panels [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Temperature-Induced Shape Memory Copolyimide

Pei

Wang

et al. 2021

Polymers

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A series of polyimide (PI) films with a high-temperature-induced shape memory effect and tunable properties were prepared via the facile random copolymerization of 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) with 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropyl)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA). The trigger temperature can be controlled from 294 to 326 °C by adjusting the ratio of monomers. The effects of monomer rigidity on the chain mobility, physical properties, and shape memory performance of as-prepared copolyimide were systematically investigated. The introduction of ODPA could enhance the mobility of PI macromolecular chains, which made chain entanglement more likely to occur and increased the physical crosslinking density, thereby improving the PI’s shape recovery up to 97%. Meanwhile, the existence of 6FDA enabled PI films to set quickly at low temperatures with a shape fixation of 98%. The shape memory cycling characteristics of the polyimide films are also studied, and the relationship between the PI chemical structure and the film properties are further discussed.

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Origami-Inspired Fabrication: Self-Folding or Self-Unfolding of Cross-Linked-Polyimide Objects in Extremely Hot Ambience

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Materials as Machines

Materials as Machines

Stimuli‐responsive mechanical properties in polymer glasses: challenges and opportunities for defense applications

High-Temperature-Induced Shape Memory Copolyimide

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