Origami Biosystems: 3D Assembly Methods for Biomedical Applications

Quiñones, Vladimir A. Bolaños; Zhu, Hong; Solovev, Alexander A.; Mei, Yongfeng; Gracias, David H.

doi:10.1002/adbi.201800230

Cited by 64 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 299 publications

(374 reference statements)

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“…As their name might suggest, hydrogel polymers can absorb enormous amounts of water of up to a hundred times that of its dry mass, and is accompanied by correspondingly large volume changes in the network . This mechanism has inspired many and has led to the development of numerous origami and actuator concepts., and in recent times, hydrogels have found applications in the self‐assembly of 3D microfunctional structures and microelectronic devices (Figures b,a,d,d,c,f,, and e).…”

Section: Self‐assembly Driving Mechanisms and Materials Platformsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Shapeable Material Technologies for 3D Self‐Assembly of Mesoscale Electronics

Karnaushenko

Kang

Schmidt

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

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simple transistors and logics to highly integrated microcontrollers and displays, the latter of which utilizes some of the most technologically advanced processes available in the industry. [3] The success of these technologies has been achieved through enhanced integration of various active functional blocks such as transistors, digital logics, and analog circuits, along with advances in miniaturization and simplification of the overall manufacturing process, eventually leading to large scale, parallel fabrication of silicon chip-based microelectronic components and systems. [4,5] However, many of the manufacturing steps in assembling these electronic components remain either semiparallel or sequential in nature, including processes as dicing, pick and place, packaging, and final assembly of the device. Each additional sequential step increases costs and should ideally be avoided, however substantial streamlining is not always feasible in complex manufacturing processes. [6] More critically, highly integrated silicon-based devices still require several external supporting components for their operation such as wiring, powering, sensing, and communications that cannot be easily integrated within the planar surface of a silicon die. Thus, sensors, actuators, capacitors, coils, antennas, and optics, each crucial for the complete system, are typically placed separately from the silicon chip onto a printed circuit board (PCB), or integrated within another package (Figure 1a). While the need for ever decreasing sizes has demanded tremendous investments and efforts in the manufacture of completed assemblies, the miniaturizing of 3D electronic components (Figure 1b) and systems has nevertheless reached the range of mesoscopic sizes (<1 mm) where the manufacture and assembly of components experience challenges with respect to yield, costs, and reliability. [7] As a result, these issues limit the fabrication potential and commercial viability of components and systems to scales around 1 mm, [8] and despite efforts to improve the planar construction of mesoscopic 3D devices, the results are seen as inefficient and experience difficulties in achieving high performances while maintaining reasonable complexity. Despite the great success in manufacturing active electronics, such concerns are strongly related to the fabrication of passive electronic components like inductors, capacitors, antennas, and resonators where material properties (e.g., mechanical, magnetic, and electrical) and geometry play a crucial role. [8,9] In order to downscale these devices further and improve integration with active electronics, novel fabrication strategies are required.Electronic devices and their components are continually evolving to offer improved performance, smaller sizes, lower weight, and reduced costs, often requiring the state-of-the-art manufacturing and materials to do so. An emerging class of materials and fabrication techniques inspired by self-assembling biological systems shows promise as an alternative to the more traditional m...

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Section: Self‐assembly Driving Mechanisms and Materials Platformsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Shapeable Material Technologies for 3D Self‐Assembly of Mesoscale Electronics

Karnaushenko

Kang

Schmidt

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…In recent years, methods such as 4D biofabrication and origami biosystems seek to mimic the complex shape and dynamic nature of native tissues and organs . Transformer hydrogels can provide a tunable and biocompatible environment incorporated with various shape and function changing modalities.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformer Hydrogels: A Review

Erol

Pantula

Liu

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Technologies

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Hydrogels, which are hydrophilic soft porous networks, are an important class of materials of broad relevance to bioanalytical chemistry, soft‐robotics, drug delivery, and regenerative medicine. Transformer hydrogels are micro‐ and mesostructured hydrogels that display a dramatic transformation of shape, form, or dimension with associated changes in function, due to engineered local variations such as in swelling or stiffness, in response to external controls or environmental stimuli. This review describes principles that can be utilized to fabricate transformer hydrogels such as by layering, patterning, or generating anisotropy, and gradients. Transformer hydrogels are classified based on their responsivity to different stimuli such as temperature, electromagnetic fields, chemicals, and biomolecules. A survey of the current research progress suggests applications of transformer hydrogels in biomimetics, soft robotics, microfluidics, tissue engineering, drug delivery, surgery, and biomedical engineering.

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“…This review concentrates on these types of self‐assembly techniques that create organized structures by bending, curving, and folding, which we collectively refer to as self‐folding. Specifically, this review only discusses self‐folding using capillary forces, and the reader is directed elsewhere to excellent reviews on self‐folding driven by alternate forces derived from the release of differential thin film stress or hydrogel swelling …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Folding Using Capillary Forces

Kwok

Huang

Mastrangeli

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

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Self‐folding broadly refers to the assembly of 3D structures by bending, curving, and folding without the need for manual or mechanized intervention. Self‐folding is scientifically interesting because self‐folded structures, from plant leaves to gut villi to cerebral gyri, abound in nature. From an engineering perspective, self‐folding of sub‐millimeter‐sized structures addresses major hurdles in nano‐ and micro‐manufacturing. This review focuses on self‐folding using surface tension or capillary forces derived from the minimization of liquid interfacial area. Due to favorable downscaling with length, at small scales capillary forces become extremely large relative to forces that scale with volume, such as gravity or inertia, and to forces that scale with area, such as elasticity. The major demonstrated classes of capillary force assisted self‐folding are discussed. These classes include the use of rigid or soft and micro‐ or nano‐patterned precursors that are assembled using a variety of liquids such as water, molten polymers, and liquid metals. The authors outline the underlying physics and highlight important design considerations that maximize rigidity, strength, and yield of the assembled structures. They also discuss applications of capillary self‐folding structures in engineering and medicine. Finally, the authors conclude by summarizing standing challenges and describing future trends.

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Origami Biosystems: 3D Assembly Methods for Biomedical Applications

Cited by 64 publications

References 299 publications

Shapeable Material Technologies for 3D Self‐Assembly of Mesoscale Electronics

Shapeable Material Technologies for 3D Self‐Assembly of Mesoscale Electronics

Transformer Hydrogels: A Review

Self‐Folding Using Capillary Forces

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