Oriented overgrowths of alkali halides on mica

Lisgarten, N. D.

doi:10.1039/tf9545000684

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Nucleation is therefore not epitaxial in this transition region. It seems possible the behaviour here is analogous to that seen previously in experiments with alkali halides, which in some cases appear to form as disordered (100) layers when crystallizing on a mica substrate 18 (see specifically Fig. 2 of Ref.…”

Section: A Epitaxial Nucleation Observed In Simulationssupporting

confidence: 65%

“…2 of Ref. 18 and accompanying discussion). Beyond this transition region, at large negative mismatches, we find that the first layer is a well ordered close packed layer (Fig.…”

Section: A Epitaxial Nucleation Observed In Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To what extent epitaxial growth is due to the degree of matching between the substrate lattice and that of the nucleating crystal has been discussed in the literature. 17,18 It appears that for many systems, surface chemistry is more important than surface geometry, and that therefore epitaxy is highly system specific . 14,19 This paper expands on a previous publication 20 that briefly presented some of the key results shown here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computer simulation of epitaxial nucleation of a crystal on a crystalline surface

Mithen

Sear

2014

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We present results of computer simulations of crystal nucleation on a crystalline surface, in the Lennard-Jones model. Motivated by the pioneering work of Turnbull and Vonnegut [Ind. Eng. Chem. 44, 1292 (1952)], we investigate the effects of a mismatch between the surface lattice constant and that of the bulk nucleating crystal. We find that the nucleation rate is maximum close to, but not exactly at, zero mismatch. The offset is due to the finite size of the nucleus. In agreement with a number of experiments, we find that even for large mismatches of 10% or more, the formation of the crystal can be epitaxial, meaning that the crystals that nucleate have a fixed orientation with respect to the surface lattice. However, nucleation is not always epitaxial, and loss of epitaxy does affect how the rate varies with mismatch. The surface lattice strongly influences the nucleation rate. We show that the epitaxy observed in our simulations can be predicted using calculations of the potential energy between the surface and the first layer of the nucleating crystal, in the spirit of simple approaches such as that of Hillier and Ward [Phys. Rev. B 54, 14037 (1996)

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Section: A Epitaxial Nucleation Observed In Simulationssupporting

confidence: 65%

“…2 of Ref. 18 and accompanying discussion). Beyond this transition region, at large negative mismatches, we find that the first layer is a well ordered close packed layer (Fig.…”

Section: A Epitaxial Nucleation Observed In Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computer simulation of epitaxial nucleation of a crystal on a crystalline surface

Mithen

Sear

2014

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…Lamelas et al have reported that a larger lattice mismatch between alkali halide and mica leads to a lower nucleation density as well as a smaller span of conditions for the epitaxial growth. Therefore, it is not strange that previous studies largely focused on the alkali halides with small lattice mismatches to mica substrates, – such as RbI (0%), KI (−4%), RbBr (−7%), and KBr (−10%). Though the lattice mismatch between NaCl and mica is as large as −23%, it has been found in our study that several kinds of oriented NaCl nanocrystallites, with external shapes other than triangular pyramid, have been grown on mica surfaces, and the condition span for the oriented growth was rather wide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Self-Assembled Sodium Chloride Nanocrystallites and Their Morphology Transitions

Ang

2008

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Identically oriented NaCl nanocrystallites have been grown on mica surfaces based on a facile solutionevaporated method. With an increase in humidity, the morphology of the NaCl nanocrystallites evolves in succession from triangular pyramids to cubic islands and then to long lines with lengths of up to millimeters. These nanocrystallites can self-assemble into highly ordered arrays with large spatial extents of ∼10 mm 2 under high humidity conditions when the value of relative humidity is higher than 40%. Their morphology transitions and self-assemblies can be understood in terms of controlled epitaxial crystallization together with water adsorption at the surface of the growing nanocrystallites.

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“…Mineral surfaces are active substrates for heterogeneous nucleation and can support the growth of heteroepitaxial coating phases from aqueous solution if the atomic arrangement of the substrate closely matches that of the nucleating phase (van der Merwe, 1949;Schulz, 1951;Lisgarten, 1954). Coating phases alter or ultimately obscure the reactive properties of mineral surfaces (Cubillas et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and mechanisms of cadmium carbonate heteroepitaxial growth at the calcite (101¯4) surface

Xu¹,

Kovařík²,

Arey³

et al. 2014

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Elucidating the kinetics and mechanisms of heteroepitaxial nucleation and growth at mineral-water interfaces is essential to understanding surface reactivity in geochemical systems. In the present work, the formation of heteroepitaxial cadmium carbonate coatings at calcite-water interfaces was investigated by exposing calcite ð10 1 4Þ surfaces to Cd-bearing aqueous solutions. In situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed as the primary technique. The AFM results indicate that the heteroepitaxial growth of cadmium carbonate proceeds via three different mechanisms depending on the initial supersaturation of the aqueous solution: advancement of existing steps, nucleation and growth of three-dimensional (3D) islands, and nucleation and spread of two-dimensional (2D) nuclei. The 3D islands and 2D nuclei exhibit different morphologies and growth kinetics. The effects of supersaturation on heteroepitaxial growth mechanisms can be interpreted in terms of the free energy barrier for nucleation. At low initial supersaturation, where 3D nucleation dominates, it is hypothesized, from the growth rate and morphology of the 3D islands observed with AFM, that the crystallization of the overgrowth follows a non-classical pathway involving the formation of a surface precursor that is not fully crystalline, whereas high supersaturation favors the formation of crystalline 2D nuclei whose morphology is based on the atomic structure of the calcite substrate. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images reveal that the atomic structure of the interface between the cadmium carbonate coating and calcite shows perfect, dislocation-free epitaxy.

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Oriented overgrowths of alkali halides on mica

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Computer simulation of epitaxial nucleation of a crystal on a crystalline surface

Computer simulation of epitaxial nucleation of a crystal on a crystalline surface

Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Self-Assembled Sodium Chloride Nanocrystallites and Their Morphology Transitions

Kinetics and mechanisms of cadmium carbonate heteroepitaxial growth at the calcite (101¯4) surface

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