“…Due to the significant differences in physicochemical properties of the CLs and AEM, interfacial delamination between CLs and AEM can occur and negatively impact the AEMWE performance, especially under a low-concentrated KOH electrolyte or pure water feeding mode. 318 The gap between CLs and AEM will 236 2, 246 3, 209 4, 229 5, 230 6, 18 7, 194 8, 20 9, 211 10,240 11, 241 12, 233 13, 21 14, 205 15, 219 16, 191 17, 312 18, 234 19. 245 significantly increase the ionic transfer resistance at the interface.…”