Orientationally Ordered Electro-Optic Materials

Singer, Kenneth D.; Kuzyk, Mark G.; Sohn, John E.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0953-6_10

Cited by 28 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…[1][2][3] The most important advantages of polymeric NLO materials are low dielectric constants, high intrinsic nonlinearities, high damage thresholds, fast response times, and ease-of-processability. 4,5 Second-order nonlinear optical processes are only active in materials that lack center-of-inversion symmetry. Electric-field poling has been the method of choice to remove the centrosymmetry from inherently centrosymmetric polymeric NLO materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to qualities that distinguish them from currently available, inorganic nonlinear optical (NLO) materials, much effort over the past decade has been directed toward the study of polymers combined with nonlinear optical chromophores for possible photonics applications. − The most important advantages of polymeric NLO materials are low dielectric constants, high intrinsic nonlinearities, high damage thresholds, fast response times, and ease-of-processability. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poling Dynamics and Effects of Trapped Charge in Poled Polymer Films for Nonlinear Optical Applications

Pauley

Wang

Jen³

1996

Macromolecules

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The behavior of surface and trapped charge that originates during contact electric-field poling of thin films of optically nonlinear polymers has been investigated. Thin films of poly(methyl methacrylate) doped with two different tricyanothiophene chromophores have been studied during and after the poling process by simultaneous measurement of the current through the poling circuit and the second harmonic generation signal (SHG) from the polymer system. The poling current present in a fresh sample was found to differ in both magnitude and temporal dependence to that observed in the sample during subsequent polings. The magnitude of the steady-state current eventually reached during the poling process was found to depend on temperature and was related to the mobility of charge. A sharp drop off in SHG signal intensity occurring when the poling electrodes were grounded is considered to be due to the removal of surface charge that orients chromophore dipoles near the surface of the film; the decay in the macroscopic polarization that then occurs is prolonged by charges trapped in the polymer matrix. The build up of trapped charge explains a memory effect in which the SHG signal relaxation time gradually increased as the film was subjected to multiple polings. Finally, it is demonstrated that the release of charges trapped in the polymer matrix depends upon the heating rate and continues far above the glass transition temperature of the polymer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poling Dynamics and Effects of Trapped Charge in Poled Polymer Films for Nonlinear Optical Applications

Pauley

Wang

Jen³

1996

Macromolecules

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“…Li) (13) with (14) and (15) In these expressions, P(p) and P3(p) are Legendre polynomials describing the distribution of dipolar moments around a normal to the substrate. For poled polymers without disorder <P3> =o/17' We have analysed the data within both approaches and the results are listed in Table 3.…”

Section: Li)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and nonlinear optical properties of copper phthalocyanine thin films

1990

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This paper describes a joint study of the structure and nonlinear optical properties of vacuum evaporated thin films of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc for brevity). Film thickness ranes from 50 to 500 nm. The anisotropic paramagnetic resonance of Cu ions reveals that the Pc rings lie almost parallel to the substrate plane with however a large angular distribution SPIE Vol. 1273 Nonlinear Optical Materials ill (1990) / 87 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 05/18/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms

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“…Second harmonic generation can then be used to study the molecular flow under stress of the doped polymer, or, conversely, the stress can be used to control the nonlinear optical properties of the polymer. In order to examine the effect of compressive stress applied perpendicular to the plane of a polmer film, the formalism leading to Equation (6) is applied in three steps.7 First, the susceptibility is calculated assuming an undetermined potential leading to Equations (7)- (8). Then Equations (11)-(12) can be applied.…”

Section: Poling Under Unlaxial Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%