Orientation and exploratory behavior and anxiety of CBA mice with anosmia induced by N-trimethylindole (skatole)

Kudyakova, T. I.; Sarycheva, N. Yu.; Каменский, А. А.

doi:10.1007/s10517-007-0001-6

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…As common feature of both tests, RAG-1 −∕− mice showed an overall difficulty in preforming the expected task provided (finding the cookie or being interested in different odor stimulations) and this might be linked to their increased level of anxiety-like behavior that makes them distracted from the task. Consistent with this, other authors have shown an increased locomotor and exploratory activity and degree of anxieties in chemically induced anosmic mice (Kudyakova et al, 2007 ; Glinka et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Impaired sense of smell and altered olfactory system in RAG-1−∕− immunodeficient mice

et al. 2015

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Immune deficiencies are often associated with a number of physical manifestations including loss of sense of smell and an increased level of anxiety. We have previously shown that T and B cell-deficient recombinase activating gene (RAG-1)−∕− knockout mice have an increased level of anxiety-like behavior and altered gene expression involved in olfaction. In this study, we expanded these findings by testing the structure and functional development of the olfactory system in RAG-1−∕− mice. Our results show that these mice have a reduced engagement in different types of odors and this phenotype is associated with disorganized architecture of glomerular tissue and atrophy of the main olfactory epithelium. Most intriguingly this defect manifests specifically in adult age and is not due to impairment in the patterning of the olfactory neuron staining at the embryo stage. Together these findings provide a formerly unreported biological evidence for an altered function of the olfactory system in RAG-1−∕− mice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Impaired sense of smell and altered olfactory system in RAG-1−∕− immunodeficient mice

et al. 2015

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“…From their reports, decreased entries to the top of the tank and locomotor activity were displayed by treated fishes, reflecting the sedative effects of this compound. These effects were also shown in humans, rodents, and zebrafish larvae [87][88][89][90]. However, further clinical and experimental studies to explore the central nervous system (CNS) action of this compound are necessary to elucidate these outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and Chronic Effects of Fin Amputation on Behavior Performance of Adult Zebrafish in 3D Locomotion Test Assessed with Fractal Dimension and Entropy Analyses and Their Relationship to Fin Regeneration

Audira

Suryanto

Chen

et al. 2022

Biology

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The fin is known to play an important role in swimming for many adult fish, including zebrafish. Zebrafish fins consist of paired pectoral and pelvic with unpaired dorsal, anal, and caudal tail fins with specific functions in fish locomotion. However, there was no study comparing the behavior effects caused by the absence of each fin. We amputated each fin of zebrafish and evaluated their behavior performance in the 3D locomotion test using fractal dimension and entropy analyses. Afterward, the behavior recovery after the tail fin amputation was also evaluated, together with the fin regeneration process to study their relationship. Finally, we conducted a further study to confirm whether the observed behavior alterations were from pain elicited by fin amputation procedure or not by using lidocaine, a pain-relieving drug. Amputation in the caudal fin resulted in the most pronounced behavior alterations, especially in their movement complexity. Furthermore, we also found that their behavior was fully recovered before the caudal fin was fully regenerated, indicating that these behavioral changes were not majorly due to a mechanical change in tail length; instead, they may come from pain elicited from the fin amputation, since treatment with lidocaine could ameliorate the behavioral effects after the amputation procedure. However, lidocaine did not accelerate the behavior recovery process; instead, it caused the fishes to display some slight side effects. This study highlights the potential moderate severity of fin amputation in zebrafish and the importance of analgesia usage. However, side effects may occur and need to be considered since fin amputation is routinely conducted for various research, especially genomic screening.

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“…In the current study, the observation that raccoons were equally likely to explore the novel tools through smell versus touch is in stark contrast to the behaviour of prolific tool users, such as humans and chimpanzees, which are much more tactically exploratory with their hands (Bjorklund and Gardiner 2011 ; Koops et al 2015 ). In mice ( Mus musculus ), scent-impaired individuals are more physically exploratory than intact individuals (Kudyakova et al 2007 ). Thus, although raccoons possess the necessary physical morphology for tactile exploration of tools, their capacity for using olfaction to explore their environment may reduce opportunities for learning about the physical properties and functions of tools.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do wild raccoons (Procyon lotor) use tools?

Morton

2020

Anim Cogn

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Being able to make and use tools was once considered to be an evolutionary hallmark of our species, but has since been documented in other animals. However, for reasons that remain unclear, not all species naturally use tools. Racoons (Procyon lotor) are generalist carnivores that possess many of the physical, cognitive, and behavioural characteristics linked to tool use in other species (e.g. manual dexterity, tactile exploration, relatively large brains, extractive foraging, and sociality). Although raccoons have not been observed using tools outside of experimental captive conditions, wild data involving objective psychometric tests are needed. The current study administered a tool-related task to a wild population of raccoons from 20 locations within the Croatan National Forest, USA. The task required participants to use a stick to extract food from a pipe. To facilitate interpretations of their performances on the task, data were obtained on natural tool availability at the field site and participants’ mode of exploring the novel task. None of the participants solved the task despite natural sticks (suitable for solving the task) being widely available across testing locations. Participants were equally likely to smell versus handle novel sticks, which were provided at testing platforms. Limited tactile exploration, but not tool availability, could be at least one factor that reduces these raccoons’ opportunities to interact with and learn about novel tools like sticks.

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Orientation and exploratory behavior and anxiety of CBA mice with anosmia induced by N-trimethylindole (skatole)

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Impaired sense of smell and altered olfactory system in RAG-1−∕− immunodeficient mice

Impaired sense of smell and altered olfactory system in RAG-1−∕− immunodeficient mice

Acute and Chronic Effects of Fin Amputation on Behavior Performance of Adult Zebrafish in 3D Locomotion Test Assessed with Fractal Dimension and Entropy Analyses and Their Relationship to Fin Regeneration

Do wild raccoons (Procyon lotor) use tools?

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