Oridonin increases anticancer effects of lentinan in HepG2 human hepatoblastoma cells

Abstract

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether oridonin is able to increase the effects of lentinan (LNT) in HepG2 human hepatoblastoma cells by MTT, flow cytometry, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The in vitro results demonstrated that 20 µg/ml of oridonin was a nontoxic concentration for L02 normal liver cells and HepG2 liver cancer cells. Furthermore, treatment with 0-200 µg/ml LNT was only able to decrease the viability of HepG2 liver cancer cells. The growth inhibitory rate of the LNT-L (100 µg/ml) treatment group was 20.7% and the rate of the LNT-H (200 µg/ml) treatment group was 54.8%. Notably, the growth inhibitory rate of the oridonin + LNT-H group was 84.3%. The highest percentage of apoptotic cells was observed in the oridonin + LNT-H group (20 µg/ml oridonin and 200 µg/ml LNT). The percentage of apoptotic cells in the oridonin + LNT-H group was significantly different from the percentage of apoptotic cells in the LNT-H (26.1%) and the LNT-L (16.8%) groups. Treatment with LNT produced an increase in caspase-3, caspase-9, Bcl-2-like protein 4, p53, p21, nuclear factor κB inhibitor-α mRNA and protein expression and a decrease in B-cell lymphoma 2 and nuclear factor-κB expression in HepG2 cells compared with untreated control cells. Treatment with a combination of oridonin and LNT-H induced a further increase in expression with the biggest differences in expression observed between the oridonin + LNT-H group and control. It was observed that treatment with oridonin was able to increase the anticancer effects of LNT in HepG2 cells. Therefore, oridonin may be used to sensitize cells to LNT.

Mechanistic Pathways and Molecular Targets of Plant-Derived Anticancer ent-Kaurane Diterpenes

“…A wide variety of sources have reported the anticancer mechanism of oridonin in multiple cancer cell lines [17,24,27,[29][30][31][32]. According to the study of Yao et al (2017) oridonin induced autophagy by decreasing the protein levels of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) in SW480 human colorectal cancer cells, in the BALB/c xenograft model.…”

“…Moreover, it inhibited the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and blocked phosphorylation of protein kinase B (p-Akt). Sun et al (2018) reported synergistic anticancer activity of oridonin in combination with lentinan by decreasing the expression of BCL-2 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and increasing the expression of caspase-3, -9, p53, p21, NF-κB inhibitor-α (IκB-α) by increasing transcription of mRNA and translation of the mRNA into their respective protein products in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells [31]. In 4T1 human breast cancer cells, oridonin inhibited cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion via a negative modulation of notch1-4.…”

Semi-synthesis, structural modification and biological evaluation of 5-arylbenzofuran neolignans

“…4B, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio of compound 23 treated HepG2 cells increased obviously, which always resulted in the activation of caspases and led to apoptosis. 28 However, it made no difference for Bax/Bcl-2 ratio aer treated with compound 1 and 30.…”

Oridonin-loaded and GPC1-targeted gold nanoparticles for multimodal imaging and therapy in pancreatic cancer

“…About 40 µg of proteins was loaded into wells of an SDS-PAGE gel and were transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride membranes. These were incubated with the caspase-3 antibody and/or bcl-2 antibody at 4°C overnight 37,38 and were then incubated further with secondary antibody. β-Actin was chosen as the internal reference.…”