Organosolv fractionating pre‐treatment of lignocellulosic biomass for efficient enzymatic saccharification: chemistry, kinetics, and substrate structures

Abstract

BUSINESS HIGHLIGHTS 403 Crop-cap warning | Dear Mr. President | Biofuel research at NASA | The challenges of seaweed | Ethanol plant for sale | BP to acquire biomethane production facility | Anti-dumping petition TECHNOLOGY NEWS 406 Mustard plants could make tasty new biodiesel feedstock | Nuts to biofuels and batteries PEER REVIEWED PERSPECTIVE 407 Life cycle assessment is the most relevant framework to evaluate biofuel greenhouse gas burdens MODELING AND ANALYSIS 417 Techno-economic assessment of biomass bales storage systems for a large-scale biorefi nery Kamalakanta Sahoo, Sudhagar Mani 430 Corn stover as feedstock for the production of ethanol: chemical composition of different anatomical fractions and varieties 454 Planning the optimal site, size, and feed of biogas plants in agricultural districts Demetrio Antonio Zema 472 Techno-economic assessment of biogas to liquid fuels conversion technology via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis Ikenna J. Okeke, Sudhagar Mani 488 Comprehensive assessment of sugarcane straw: implications for biomass and bioenergy production REVIEWS 521 EliteTree TM : an advanced biomass tree crop technology that features greater wood density and accelerated stem growth The cover image, by Xuebing Zhao et al., is based on the Review Organosolv fractionating pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass for effi cient enzymatic saccharifi cation: chemistry, kinetics, and substrate structures,

Pretreatment of Corn Stover Using Organosolv with Hydrogen Peroxide for Effective Enzymatic Saccharification

“…Crystallinity is an important factor to consider in biomass pretreatment. It is known that chemical pretreatments modify the cellulose structure and crystallinity of lignocellulosic biomass, e.g., cellulose is modified to cellulose III during ammonia pretreatment, whereas organosolv pretreatment generally does not significantly modify the cellulose structure, but it depolymerizes the cellulose and removes amorphous lignin and hemicellulose, resulting in the change of crystallinity [5]. The modification of these structures is the main factor affecting the economics of the bioethanol production process, and much research has been carried out worldwide to develop the processes [1,6].…”

A Bibliometric Study of Scientific Publications regarding Hemicellulose Valorization during the 2000–2016 Period: Identification of Alternatives and Hot Topics

“…Organosolv fractionation recovers cellulose as solid phase, while most of hemicelluloses and lignin are dissolved in the solvents. The dissolved lignin can be further precipitated by water addition and recovered as a solid product, while hemicellulosic sugars remain in the liquid stream [122]. This approach allows an efficient utilization of all the major biomass components to produce platform chemicals and various final products.…”

Scale‐up and economic analysis of the production of ligninolytic enzymes from a side‐stream of the organosolv process

“…However, the alternatives for the C5‐sugar stream are quite limited, as the presence of degradation products and inhibitors may limit their use as fermentable sugars . An interesting application of the C5‐sugar stream could be the acid‐catalyzed dehydration of xylose to furfural; however, low furfural concentrations were reported when using ethanol, and alternative solvents should be explored …”

“…The organosolv process is a fractionating pre‐treatment that recovers cellulose as a solid phase, while most of the hemicellulose and lignin are dissolved in the solvent. Lignin is further recovered by precipitation in water, whereas hemicellulosic sugars and degradation products such as furfural and acetic acid remain in the liquid stream . Although it has been postulated that organosolv pretreatment allows efficient utilization of all major biomass components to produce platform chemicals and valuable final products, only a few works have studied potential applications of the hemicellulose stream .…”

“…Lignin is further recovered by precipitation in water, whereas hemicellulosic sugars and degradation products such as furfural and acetic acid remain in the liquid stream . Although it has been postulated that organosolv pretreatment allows efficient utilization of all major biomass components to produce platform chemicals and valuable final products, only a few works have studied potential applications of the hemicellulose stream . The presence of degradation products, low molecular weight soluble lignin and other possible inhibitors may limit the use of the hemicellulose stream as fermentable sugars .…”