Organophosphate Pesticide Urinary Metabolites Among Latino Immigrants

Arcury, Thomas A.; Laurienti, Paul J.; Chen, Haiying; Howard, Timothy D.; Barr, Dana Boyd; Mora, Dana C.; Summers, Phillip; Quandt, Sara A.

doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000000875

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…These results extend comparisons of the OP DAP metabolites between male farmworkers and non-farmworkers. 9 In that analysis, although farmworkers often had more detections and higher concentrations among the six OP DAPs, the levels of detections and concentrations were also high among the Latino male non-farmworkers. This indicates that Latino non-farmworker immigrants are commonly exposed to OP pesticides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…6–8 Recent analyses of the OP DAP metabolites indicate that Latino immigrant non-farmworkers also have high levels of detection and concentration for these metabolites, 5,9 indicating that they experience exposure to OP pesticides similar to that of Latino farmworkers. These vulnerable US non-farmworker Latino populations had DAP metabolite concentrations higher than non-agricultural comparison groups in studies conducted outside of the US.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Farmworker and nonfarmworker Latino immigrant men in North Carolina have high levels of specific pesticide urinary metabolites

Arcury

Chen

Laurienti

et al. 2017

Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health

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This paper compares detections and concentrations of specific organophosphate, bis-dithiocarbamate, and pyrethroid insecticide urinary metabolites among Latino male farmworkers and non-farmworkers in North Carolina. Data are from interviews and urine samples collected in 2012 and 2013. Farmworkers and non-farmworkers frequently had detections for OP and pyrethroid pesticide urinary metabolites. Detections of bis-dithiocarbamate urinary metabolites were less frequent, but substantial among the non-farmworkers. The concentrations of organophosphate, bis-dithiocarbamate, and pyrethroid pesticide urinary metabolites were high for farmworkers and non-farmworkers compared to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey results. Pesticide urinary metabolite detection was not associated with occupation in non-farmworkers. Research for reducing pesticide exposure among farmworkers remains important; research is also needed to determine pesticide exposure pathways among Latino non-farmworkers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmworker and nonfarmworker Latino immigrant men in North Carolina have high levels of specific pesticide urinary metabolites

Arcury

Chen

Laurienti

et al. 2017

Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health

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“…Farmworkers involved in tending or picking crops are routinely exposed to a broad range of residual pesticides [37–40], as are their family members [1, 41–43]. The present exploratory study in partnership with a Latino farmworker community validated a new approach to study pesticide exposures and their biological effects in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal samplers of bioavailable pesticides integrated with a hair follicle assay of DNA damage to assess environmental exposures and their associated risks in children

Vidi

Anderson

Chen

et al. 2017

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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Agriculture in the United States employs youth ages ten and older in work environments with high pesticide levels. Younger children in rural areas may also be affected by indirect pesticide exposures. The long-term effects of pesticides on health and development are difficult to assess and poorly understood. Yet, epidemiologic studies suggest associations with cancer as well as cognitive deficits. We report a practical and cost-effective approach to assess environmental pesticide exposures and their biological consequences in children. Our approach combines silicone wristband personal samplers and DNA damage quantification from hair follicles, and was tested as part of a community-based participatory research (CBPR) project involving ten Latino children from farmworker households in North Carolina. Our study documents high acceptance among Latino children and their caregivers of these noninvasive sampling methods. The personal samplers detected organophosphates, organochlorines, and pyrethroids in the majority of the participants (70%, 90%, 80%, respectively). Pesticides were detected in all participant samplers, with an average of 6.2 ± 2.4 detections/participant sampler. DNA damage in epithelial cells from the sheath and bulb of plucked hairs follicles was quantified by immunostaining 53BP1-labled DNA repair foci. This method is sensitive, as shown by dose response analyses to γ radiations where the lowest dose tested (0.1 Gy) led to significant increased 53BP1 foci density. Immunolabeling of DNA repair foci has significant advantages over the comet assay in that specific regions of the follicles can be analyzed. In this cohort of child participants, significant association was found between the number of pesticide detections and DNA damage in the papilla region of the hairs. We anticipate that this monitoring approach of bioavailable pesticides and genotoxicity will enhance our knowledge of the biological effects of pesticides to guide education programs and safety policies.

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“…Efforts have been focused on finding safer pesticides for the home (e.g., the replacement of organophosphates and organochlorines with plant-based or synthetic pyrethroids), although even these newer compounds are under scrutiny for suspected allergic and asthmatic outcomes [19,48,49]. Efforts have also been focused on reducing pesticide residue track-in from harsher pesticides used agriculturally, and providing other protective measures for Latino farmworkers and their children [50]. …”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Field on Children’s Exposure to Environmental Contaminants: A Risk Assessment Approach

Ferguson

Penney

Solo‐Gabriele

2017

IJERPH

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Background: Children must be recognized as a sensitive population based on having biological systems and organs in various stages of development. The processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of environmental contaminants within a child’s body are considered less advanced than those of adults, making them more susceptible to disease outcomes following even small doses. Children’s unique activities of crawling and practicing increased hand-to-mouth ingestion also make them vulnerable to greater exposures by certain contaminants within specific environments. Approach: There is a need to review the field of children’s environmental exposures in order to understand trends and identify gaps in research, which may lead to better protection of this vulnerable and sensitive population. Therefore, explored here are previously published contemporary works in the broad area of children’s environmental exposures and potential impact on health from around the world. A discussion of children’s exposure to environmental contaminants is best organized under the last four steps of a risk assessment approach: hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment (including children’s activity patterns) and risk characterization. We first consider the many exposure hazards that exist in the indoor and outdoor environments, and emerging contaminants of concern that may help guide the risk assessment process in identifying focus areas for children. A section on special diseases of concern is also included. Conclusions: The field of children’s exposures to environmental contaminants is broad. Although there are some well-studied areas offering much insight into children exposures, research is still needed to further our understanding of exposures to newer compounds, growing disease trends and the role of gene-environment interactions that modify adverse health outcomes. It is clear that behaviors of adults and children play a role in reducing or increasing a child’s exposure, where strategies to better communicate and implement risk modifying behaviors are needed, and can be more effective than implementing changes in the physical environment.

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Organophosphate Pesticide Urinary Metabolites Among Latino Immigrants

Cited by 31 publications

References 47 publications

Farmworker and nonfarmworker Latino immigrant men in North Carolina have high levels of specific pesticide urinary metabolites

Farmworker and nonfarmworker Latino immigrant men in North Carolina have high levels of specific pesticide urinary metabolites

Personal samplers of bioavailable pesticides integrated with a hair follicle assay of DNA damage to assess environmental exposures and their associated risks in children

A Review of the Field on Children’s Exposure to Environmental Contaminants: A Risk Assessment Approach

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