Organometallic assembling of chitosan‐Iron oxide nanoparticles with their antifungal evaluation againstRhizopus oryzae

Abstract

The ever-increasing resistance of plant microbes towards fungicides and bactericides has been causing serious threat to plant production in recent years. For the development of an effective antifungal agent, we introduce a novel hydrothermal protocol for synthesis of chitosan iron oxide nanoparticles (CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs) using acetate buffer of low pH 5.0 for intermolecular interaction of Fe 2 O 3 NPs and CH. The composite structure and elemental elucidation were carried out by using X-ray power diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultraviolet Visible Absorption Spectroscopy (UV-vis spectroscopy). Additionally, antifungal activity was evaluated both In vitro and In vivo against Rhizopus oryzae which is causing fruit rot disease of strawberry. We compared different concentrations (0.25%, 0.50%, 075% and 1%) of CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs and 50% synthetic fungicide (Matalyxal Mancozab) to figure out suitable concentration for application in the field. XRD analysis showed a high crystalline nature of the NPs with average size of 52 nanometer (nm). SEM images revealed spherical shape with size range of 50-70 nm, whereas, TEM also revealed spherical shape, size ranging from 0 nm to 80 nm. EDX and FTIR results revealed presence of CH on surface of Fe 2 O 3 NPs. The band gap measurement showed peak 317-318 nm for bare Fe 2 O 3 NPs and CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs respectively. Antifungal activity in both In vitro and In vivo significantly increased with increase in concentration. The overall results revealed high synergetic antifungal potential of organometallic CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs against Rhizopus oryzae and suggest the use of CH-Fe 2 O 3 NPs against other Phyto-pathological diseases due to biodegradable nature.

Synthesis and characterization of microbial mediated cadmium oxide nanoparticles

“…The formation and stability of the prepared CdO NPs was analysed within 250–650 nm of absorption range. The spectra was recorded through UV–Vis Halo DB‐20 spectrophotometer (Dynamical Ltd, Sydney, Australia), which was dispersed in ethanol (Kannan, Radhika, Nikolova, et al, 2020; Karami, Jamshidian, & Zakariazadeh, 2019; Karthik, Nikolova, et al, 2020; Saqib et al, 2019). The spectrophotometer worked in the reflection mode at a resolution of 1 nm.…”

A Machine Learning Tool to Predict the Antibacterial Capacity of Nanoparticles

“…NPs have been studied for their capacity to inhibit microbial infections [ 18 ] and prevent bacterial colonization on various surface devices such as catheters [ 19 ] and prostheses [ 20 ] by eradicating biofilms [ 21 , 22 ]. Research into NPs is of great interest as they can be applied in various fields such as medicine, food industry, and manufacturing, while retaining their original unique functions [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Over the past few decades, the search for new antimicrobial substances has been central to many research areas, both in public and private research centers, for the reduction of nosocomial and foodborne infections [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Sustainable Synthesis of Microwave Assisted IONPs by Using Spinacia Oleracea: Enhances Resistance Against Fungal Wilt Infection by Inducing ROS and Modulating Defense System in Tomato Plants

“…8B). Former studies indicated the antimicrobial activity of IONPs, and their nding suggests that this activity increases gradually from lower to higher concentration [55,[22][23].…”

“…Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles induces the expression of miR159c in yellow medick plant against powdery mildew [20]. In-vitro application of IONPs showed signi cant antifungal properties, inhibiting the spore germination in various phytopathogens such as, Aspergillus niger and Fusarium solani; [21] Rhizopus oryzae, [22] Trichothecium roseum, Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Alternaria alternata and A. niger; [23] P. expansum, A. niger, A.alternata, P. chrysogenum, Mucor plumbeus, T. roseum and Rhizoctonia solani [24]. Earlier studies indicate the formation and accumulation of reactive-oxygen-species (ROS) in microbial cells impedes the multiplication ability of the pathogens depicts the underlying mechanism of metal nanoparticles, however it is commonly anticipated that antimicrobial activity relies on direct-interaction among nanoparticles and living cells [25].…”